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CSA W186-M1990 (R2016) Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction
standard by CSA Group, 12/01/1990
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ISSN 0317-5669
Published in December 1990 by
Canadian Standards Association 178 Rexdale Boulevard,
Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario, Canada
M9W 1R3
Technical Editor: J.N. Carnegie
Managing Editor: Bernard Kelly
© Canadian Standards Association - 1990
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.
W186-M1990
December 1990
Title: Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction
Pagination: 70 pages, each dated December 1990
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Contents
Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction
Technical Committee on Welding of Reinforcing Bars 5
Preface 6
Foreword 7
Scope 9
Definitions and Reference Publications 9
Definitions 9
Reference Publications 9
Administration 11
Welding Processes and Electrodes 11
Processes 11
Electrodes 12
Materials 12
Reinforcing Bars 12
Structural Steel 12
Design and Details of Welded Bar Splices and Bar Connections 13
General 13
Types of Welded Bar Splices 13
Selection of Welded Bar Splices 13
Types of Welded Connections of Bars to Structural Members in Anchorages 14
Types of Welds 14
Standard Welding Symbols 14
Single- or Double-Vee Groove Welds 14
Single- or Double-Bevel Groove Welds 14
Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds 14
Flare-Bevel Groove Welds 14
Flare-Vee Groove Welds 15
Fillet Welds 15
15
Effective Areas, Throats, and Measured Sizes of Structural Welds
Complete Penetration Groove Welds in Direct Butt-Splices 15
Flare-Groove Welds 15
Fillet Welds 16
Design of Joints 16
Notation 16
Required Joint Strength 17
Resistance Factor, Weld 17
Resistance Factor, Structure 17
Fatigue Loading 17
Cyclic Loading 17
Selection of Electrodes and Structural Steel and Determination of Joint Strength 17
Strength Classification of Electrodes 18
Complete Penetration Groove Welds Used for Direct Butt-Splices 18
Complete Penetration Groove Welds Used for T-Joints 18
Fillet Welds 19
December 1990 3
W186-M1990
Flare-Vee Groove Welds 20
Flare-Bevel Groove Welds 20
Tack Welds 21
Configurations Permitted 21
Configurations Not Permitted 21
Workmanship Procedures and Inspection 21
General 21
Preparation of Material 22
Assembly 22
Welding Procedures 23
Quality of Welds 24
Correction and Repairs 25
7 Storage and Conditioning of Electrodes 25
Inspection 25
Visual Inspection 25
Other Inspection 25
Certification of Companies 26
Requirements tor Certification 26
QuaHfication Requirements for Personnel 26
Engineering Personnel 26
Welding Supervisors 26
Welders 27
Procedure Qualification 29
General 29
Details of Welding Procedures 29
Limitations of Variables 30
Procedure Qualification for Direct Butt Joints (Figure 2) 32
Procedure Qualification for Indirect Butt-Splices (Figures 3, 4, and 5) 32
Procedure Qualification for T-Joints Connecting Bars to Structural Members (Figure 6} 32
Tables 34
Figures 38
Appendices 53
A -Electrode Properties 53
B -Metric Reinforcing Bar Data for Design Calculations 54
C -Examples of Limit States Design in Welds 55
D -Splitting Forces in Concrete Surrounding Lap Splices 67
E -Derivation of Formulae for Length of Welds and Plate Thickness 69
F --Typical Welding Procedure Data Sheet 70
4 December 1990
W186-M1990
Preface
This is the third edition of CSA Standard W186, Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction. It is written in SI (metric) units and replaces the previous editions published in 1981 and in 1970.
Extensive revisions have been made to several Clauses, some of which have been deleted and new ones added. The Committee revised the Appendices and has updated the various examples given for guidance in design.
The revisions were made to reflect the experience and knowledge gained during recent years. An important consideration was to ensure that this Standard continues to relate completely to the Limit States (Load Factor) Design.
This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Welding of Reinforcing Bars under the jurisdiction of the Standards Steering Committee on Welding, and was formally approved by these Committees.
December 1990
Notes:
(1) Use of the masculine gender in this Standard is not meant to exclude the feminine gender when applied to
persons. Similarly, use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.
Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that
it remains the responsibility of the user of the Standard to judge its suitability for his particular purpose.
CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee.
All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, Standards Division, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Rexdale, Ontario M9 W 1R3.
Requests for interpretation should
define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;
provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and
be phrased where possible to permit a specific "yes" or "no" answer.
Interpretations are published in CSA Information Update. For subscription details and a free sample copy,
write to CSA Sales Promotions or telephone (416) 747-4116.
6 December 1990
Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction
The Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB), a Division of CSA, provides certification services for organizations, fabricators and individuals who wish to be certified in conformance to this Standard.
In performing its functions in accordance with its objectives, the CWB does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. The opinions and findings of the Canadian Welding Bureau represent its professional judgement given with due consideration to the necessary limitations of practical operation and state of the art at the time the Standard is processed.
Operational and control techniques, test procedures and instrumentation may be prescribed by the CWB in addition to the requirements contained in CSA Standards.
Some tests required by CSA Standards may be inherently hazardous. The Bureau neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests, wherever performed, whether performed in whole or in part by the Bureau or any other party, and whether or not any equipment, facility or personnel for or in connection with the test is furnished by the Bureau or any other party.
Manufacturers should note that, in the event of the CWB being unable to resolve an issue relating to certification, there is an appeal procedure; the complainant should submit the matter, in writing, to the Chairman of the Board of the Canadian Welding Bureau.
For information concerning application for certification to this Standard address your inquiry to the Canadian Welding Bureau, 7250 West Credit Avenue, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 5N1.
December 1990 7
Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction
Scope
1.1
This Standard applies to
the design, fabrication, and inspection of welded connections utilizing deformed reinforcing bars and to the certification of companies involved in such work;
welding of deformed reinforcing bars (except for pre-stressing steel or for bar or rod mats for which the welding is covered by the manufacturing specification) either directly to each other or through splice members; and
welding of deformed reinforcing bars to structural steel members used as anchorages in precast or cast-in-place concrete construction either in the fabricating shop or in the field.
1.2
This Standard does not cover welding of plates, angles, or other structural members to one another. This is covered by CSA Standard W59, Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding).
Definitions and Reference Publications
Definitions
The following definitions apply in this Standard:
Bureau the Canadian Welding Bureau.
Company the firm or corporation that performs the welding.
Engineer the professionally qualified designated representative of the company.
Owner - any person, firm or corporation and its professionally qualified designated engineer controlling the structure under consideration.
Welder one who performs a manual or semi-automatic welding operation.
Welding procedure - consists of two parts: a welding procedure data sheet and a welding procedure specification.
Welding procedure data sheet lists detailed information for use in the actual welding of each joint, over the range of thicknesses or sizes of welds stated on the data sheet.
Welding procedure specification a specification setting broad guidelines for the shop and field welding practice of the company for anticipated combinations of essential variables.
Welding Supervisor - the company-designated person(s) directly responsible for ensuring that only qualified welders weld in accordance with approved procedures in the shop and field.
Reference Publications
This Standard refers to the following publications and where such reference is made it shall be to the edition listed below:
December 1990 9