CSA C22.2 No. 272:14

(reaffirmed 2019)

Wind turbine electrical systems

Contents

Technical Committee on Wind Turbines 5

Subcommittee on Wind Turbines — Electrical Qualification 9

Preface 11

1. Scope 12

   
   

2. Reference publications 13

   
   

3. Definitions 18

   
   

4. General requirements 19

   1. General 19

   2. Components 19

      1. General 19

      2. Wiring 20

      3. Busways 20

      4. Cabletrays 20

      5. Wireways and auxiliary gutters 20

      6. Cablebus 20

      7. Switchgear and controlgear 21

      8. Switchboards 21

      9. Panel boards 21

      10. Control panels 21

      11. Transformers 21

      12. Converter/inverter 21

      13. Slip ring 21

      14. Lighting 22

      15. Gearbox 23

      16. Hoists and winches 23

      17. Fire protection 23

      18. Heating and cooling equipment 23

      19. Electro-hydraulic components 23

      20. Motors and generators 24

      21. Batteries 24

      22. Capacitors 24

      23. Uninterruptible power supplies 24

      24. Disconnecting means 24

   3. Safety related control systems 25

      1. Control and protection system 25

      2. Control function 25

      3. Protection function 25

      4. Equivalency 26

   4. Hub 26

      
      

5. Grid or external supply disconnection devices and conductor terminations 27

   1. Supply conductor terminations 27

   2. Small wind turbine disconnecting means 27

   3. Large wind turbine disconnecting means 27

   4. Supply disconnecting devices 28

      1. General 28

      2. Type 28

      3. Requirements 28

         
         

6. Protection against electric shock 29

   1. General 29

   2. Basic protection (protection against direct contact) 29

      1. General 29

      2. Protection by enclosures 29

   3. Fault protection (protection against indirect contact) 29

      
      

7. Protection of equipment 30

   1. General 30

   2. Motors 30

   3. Overcurrent protection 30

      1. General 30

      2. Supplementary protectors 31

      3. Protective devices 31

      4. Transformer protection 31

      5. Internal conductors 32

      6. Industrial control equipment for use as service equipment 32

      7. Overcurrent protection 32

   4. Overload and overheating protection 33

   5. Generator overspeed protection 33

   6. Protection against overvoltages due to lightning and switching surges 33

   7. Protection for motor enclosures and mounting 33

   8. Protective devices for brakes 34

   9. Grid requirements 34

   10. Cable twist 34

       
       

8. Grounding and bonding 34

   
   

9. Operator interface 35

   1. General 35

      1. General device requirements 35

      2. Location and mounting 35

      3. Position sensors 35

      4. Portable and pendant control stations 35

   2. Push-buttons 35

      1. Colours 35

      2. Markings 36

   3. Indicator lights and displays 36

      1. General 36

      2. Colours 36

      3. Flashing lights and displays 37

   4. Illuminated push-buttons 37

   5. Rotary control devices 37

   6. Start devices 37

   7. Emergency stop devices 37

   8. Enabling control device 38

      
      

10. Conductors and cables 38

    1. Conductors 38

    2. Wire and cables without enclosed raceways 39

    3. Cables 39

    4. Cable selection and management 39

       1. General 39

       2. Interconnections 39

       3. Internal wiring 40

    5. Cables rated 2000 V or greater 41

    6. Conductor materials 41

    7. Cable splices and connections 41

       1. General 41

       2. Conductor splice rating 41

       3. Tests 42

       4. Connection and splice requirements for circuits rated over 1000 volts 42

    8. Ampacity 42

       1. General 42

       2. Conductor ampacity Method A — Calculations 43

       3. Conductor ampacity Method A — Temperature rise test 44

          
          

11. Wiring methods 46

    1. Cable management 46

    2. Connections 46

    3. Cable mechanical protection 47

    4. Wiring outside enclosures 47

       1. General requirements 47

       2. External ducts 48

       3. Connection to moving elements of the wind turbine 48

          
          

12. Working spaces 49

    
    

13. Accessories 49

    1. Lighting 49

    2. Receptacles 49

       1. Ground fault circuit interruption protection 49

    3. Energy storage 50

       1. Batteries 50

          13.3.3 Mounting of energy storage devices 50

          13.4 Electrical qualification of man-lifts 50

          
          

14. Markings, warning signs, and equipment identification 50

    1. General 50

    2. Nameplate markings 50

    3. Warnings/cautions 51

    4. Nameplate materials and construction 51

    5. Identification of equipment 52

    6. Working space 52

    7. Fuse replacement markings 52

    8. Disconnecting means 52

    9. Receptacles for use as disconnecting means 52

       
       

15. Technical documentation 53

    1. General 53

    2. Information to be provided 53

    3. Installation documents 53

    4. Overview diagrams and function diagrams 54

    5. Circuit diagrams 54

    6. Operating manual 55

    7. Maintenance manual 55

    8. Parts list 55

CSA C22.2 No. 272:14

Wind turbine electrical systems

1 Scope

1.1

This Standard applies to complete wind turbine electrical systems and associated electrical equipment intended for connection at not more than 46 kV and intended for use in accordance with the Canadian Electrical Code, Part I. Products covered by the scope of this Standard are subject to the requirements of CAN/CSA C22.2 No. 0.

1.2

This Standard applies to wind turbines of all sizes.

1.3

This Standard does not apply to performance with respect to grid codes or to power performance of wind turbines.

Note: Information on test methods for power performance of wind turbines can be found in CAN/CSA C61400-12-1 and IEC 61400-12-2.

1.4

In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e. a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.5

The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.