W186-M1990

Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction

ISSN 0317-5669

Published in December 1990 by

Canadian Standards Association 178 Rexdale Boulevard,

Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario, Canada

M9W 1R3

Technical Editor: J.N. Carnegie

Managing Editor: Bernard Kelly

© Canadian Standards Association - 1990

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher.

General Instruction No. 1

W186-M1990

December 1990

Title: Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction

Pagination: 70 pages, each dated December 1990

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Contents

Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction

Technical Committee on Welding of Reinforcing Bars 5

Preface 6

Foreword 7

1. Scope 9

2. Definitions and Reference Publications 9

   1. Definitions 9

   2. Reference Publications 9

3. Administration 11

4. Welding Processes and Electrodes 11

   1. Processes 11

   2. Electrodes 12

5. Materials 12

   1. Reinforcing Bars 12

   2. Structural Steel 12

6. Design and Details of Welded Bar Splices and Bar Connections 13

   1. General 13

   2. Types of Welded Bar Splices 13

   3. Selection of Welded Bar Splices 13

   4. Types of Welded Connections of Bars to Structural Members in Anchorages 14

   5. Types of Welds 14

      1. Standard Welding Symbols 14

      2. Single- or Double-Vee Groove Welds 14

      3. Single- or Double-Bevel Groove Welds 14

      4. Complete Joint Penetration Groove Welds 14

      5. Flare-Bevel Groove Welds 14

      6. Flare-Vee Groove Welds 15

      7. Fillet Welds 15

15

1. Effective Areas, Throats, and Measured Sizes of Structural Welds

   1. Complete Penetration Groove Welds in Direct Butt-Splices 15

   2. Flare-Groove Welds 15

   3. Fillet Welds 16

1. Design of Joints 16

   1. Notation 16

   2. Required Joint Strength 17

   3. Resistance Factor, Weld 17

   4. Resistance Factor, Structure 17

   5. Fatigue Loading 17

   6. Cyclic Loading 17

2. Selection of Electrodes and Structural Steel and Determination of Joint Strength 17

   1. Strength Classification of Electrodes 18

   2. Complete Penetration Groove Welds Used for Direct Butt-Splices 18

   3. Complete Penetration Groove Welds Used for T-Joints 18

   4. Fillet Welds 19

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W186-M1990

1. Flare-Vee Groove Welds 20

2. Flare-Bevel Groove Welds 20

1. Tack Welds 21

   1. Configurations Permitted 21

   2. Configurations Not Permitted 21

1. Workmanship Procedures and Inspection 21

   1. General 21

   2. Preparation of Material 22

   3. Assembly 22

   4. Welding Procedures 23

   5. Quality of Welds 24

   6. Correction and Repairs 25

   7. 7 Storage and Conditioning of Electrodes 25

   8. Inspection 25

      1. Visual Inspection 25

      2. Other Inspection 25

1. Certification of Companies 26

   1. Requirements tor Certification 26

   2. QuaHfication Requirements for Personnel 26

      1. Engineering Personnel 26

      2. Welding Supervisors 26

      3. Welders 27

1. Procedure Qualification 29

   1. General 29

   2. Details of Welding Procedures 29

   3. Limitations of Variables 30

   4. Procedure Qualification for Direct Butt Joints (Figure 2) 32

   5. Procedure Qualification for Indirect Butt-Splices (Figures 3, 4, and 5) 32

   6. Procedure Qualification for T-Joints Connecting Bars to Structural Members (Figure 6} 32

Tables 34

Figures 38

Appendices 53

A -Electrode Properties 53

B -Metric Reinforcing Bar Data for Design Calculations 54

C -Examples of Limit States Design in Welds 55

D -Splitting Forces in Concrete Surrounding Lap Splices 67

E -Derivation of Formulae for Length of Welds and Plate Thickness 69

F --Typical Welding Procedure Data Sheet 70

4 December 1990

W186-M1990

Preface

This is the third edition of CSA Standard W186, Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction. It is written in SI (metric) units and replaces the previous editions published in 1981 and in 1970.

Extensive revisions have been made to several Clauses, some of which have been deleted and new ones added. The Committee revised the Appendices and has updated the various examples given for guidance in design.

The revisions were made to reflect the experience and knowledge gained during recent years. An important consideration was to ensure that this Standard continues to relate completely to the Limit States (Load Factor) Design.

This Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee on Welding of Reinforcing Bars under the jurisdiction of the Standards Steering Committee on Welding, and was formally approved by these Committees.

December 1990

Notes:

(1) Use of the masculine gender in this Standard is not meant to exclude the feminine gender when applied to

persons. Similarly, use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.

1. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that

   it remains the responsibility of the user of the Standard to judge its suitability for his particular purpose.

2. CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee.

3. All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, Standards Division, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Rexdale, Ontario M9 W 1R3.

   Requests for interpretation should

   1. define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;

   2. provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and

   3. be phrased where possible to permit a specific "yes" or "no" answer.

Interpretations are published in CSA Information Update. For subscription details and a free sample copy,

write to CSA Sales Promotions or telephone (416) 747-4116.

6 December 1990

Foreword

Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction

The Canadian Welding Bureau (CWB), a Division of CSA, provides certification services for organizations, fabricators and individuals who wish to be certified in conformance to this Standard.

In performing its functions in accordance with its objectives, the CWB does not assume or undertake to discharge any responsibility of the manufacturer or any other party. The opinions and findings of the Canadian Welding Bureau represent its professional judgement given with due consideration to the necessary limitations of practical operation and state of the art at the time the Standard is processed.

Operational and control techniques, test procedures and instrumentation may be prescribed by the CWB in addition to the requirements contained in CSA Standards.

Some tests required by CSA Standards may be inherently hazardous. The Bureau neither assumes nor accepts any responsibility for any injury or damage that may occur during or as the result of tests, wherever performed, whether performed in whole or in part by the Bureau or any other party, and whether or not any equipment, facility or personnel for or in connection with the test is furnished by the Bureau or any other party.

Manufacturers should note that, in the event of the CWB being unable to resolve an issue relating to certification, there is an appeal procedure; the complainant should submit the matter, in writing, to the Chairman of the Board of the Canadian Welding Bureau.

For information concerning application for certification to this Standard address your inquiry to the Canadian Welding Bureau, 7250 West Credit Avenue, Mississauga, Ontario L5N 5N1.

December 1990 7

W186-M1990

Welding of Reinforcing Bars in Reinforced Concrete Construction

Welding of Reinforcing Bars in

Reinforced Concrete Construction

1. Scope

   1.1

   This Standard applies to

   1. the design, fabrication, and inspection of welded connections utilizing deformed reinforcing bars and to the certification of companies involved in such work;

   2. welding of deformed reinforcing bars (except for pre-stressing steel or for bar or rod mats for which the welding is covered by the manufacturing specification) either directly to each other or through splice members; and

   3. welding of deformed reinforcing bars to structural steel members used as anchorages in precast or cast-in-place concrete construction either in the fabricating shop or in the field.

   
   

   1.2

   This Standard does not cover welding of plates, angles, or other structural members to one another. This is covered by CSA Standard W59, Welded Steel Construction (Metal Arc Welding).

   
   

2. Definitions and Reference Publications

   1. Definitions

      The following definitions apply in this Standard:

      Bureau the Canadian Welding Bureau.

      Company the firm or corporation that performs the welding.

      Engineer the professionally qualified designated representative of the company.

      Owner - any person, firm or corporation and its professionally qualified designated engineer controlling the structure under consideration.

      Welder one who performs a manual or semi-automatic welding operation.

      Welding procedure - consists of two parts: a welding procedure data sheet and a welding procedure specification.

      Welding procedure data sheet lists detailed information for use in the actual welding of each joint, over the range of thicknesses or sizes of welds stated on the data sheet.

      Welding procedure specification a specification setting broad guidelines for the shop and field welding practice of the company for anticipated combinations of essential variables.

      Welding Supervisor - the company-designated person(s) directly responsible for ensuring that only qualified welders weld in accordance with approved procedures in the shop and field.

   2. Reference Publications

This Standard refers to the following publications and where such reference is made it shall be to the edition listed below:

December 1990 9