CSA C502:21

National Standard of Canada

Benchmark energy factor assessment of slurry pumping systems

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  CSA C502:21

  June 2021

  
  

  Title: Benchmark energy factor assessment of slurry pumping systems

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National Standard of Canada

CSA C502:21

Benchmark energy factor assessment of slurry pumping systems

®A trademark of the Canadian Standards Association, operating as “CSA Group”

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ICS 23.080

ISBN 978-1-4883-3621-8

© 2021 Canadian Standards Association

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.

Contents

Technical Committee on Energy Efficiency of Industrial Equipment and Systems 3 Subcommittee on Benchmark Energy Factor Assessment of Slurry Pumping Systems 5 Preface 6

1. Scope 7

   1. Inclusions 7

   2. Exclusions 7

   3. Terminology 7

   4. Units of measurement 7

      
      

2. Reference publications 8

   
   

3. Definitions, abbreviations, and symbols 8

   1. Definitions 8

   2. Abbreviations and symbols 9

      1. Abbreviations 9

      2. Symbols 9

         
         

4. Levels of assessment for slurry pumping systems 12

   1. General 12

   2. Assessment levels 13

   3. Data collection by level of assessment 14

      
      

5. Slurry pumping system boundary 15

   1. General system boundary 15

   2. Slurry pumping system classification 16

   3. Typical slurry pumping system configuration 17

   4. Essential slurry pumping system configuration 18

      1. Essential energy components 18

      2. Independent parameters 19

   5. Ancillary equipment 20

      
      

6. Determining essential load 20

   1. General conditions 20

   2. Flowrate (Q) 20

   3. Total essential head (Hess) 21

      1. Total essential head (Hess) 21

      2. Static head (HS) 22

      3. Essential dynamic head (HD) 22

      4. Correcting essential head for solids content (head ratio) 29

   4. Essential load 30

      
      

7. Calculating essential energy 31

   1. General conditions 31

   2. Essential pump type determination 31

   3. Calculating rotodynamic pump efficiency 31

      1. Pump efficiency 31

      2. Correcting for slurry viscosity 32

      3. Essential rotodynamic pump efficiency 33

   4. Calculating positive displacement pump efficiency 33

   5. Essential pumping energy (EessP) 34

   6. Essential mechanical support energy (EessMS) 34

      1. Total essential mechanical support energy 34

      2. Essential pump cooling energy 35

      3. Essential pump sealing energy 35

   7. Essential electrical support energy (EessES) 36

   8. Total pumping system essential energy (Eess) 37

      
      

8. Data collection by level of assessment 37

   1. Data collection for actual energy 37

   2. Data collection for essential energy 38

      
      

9. Computing the benchmark energy factor (BEF) 39

   
   

10. Reporting benchmark energy factor (BEF) 40

    
    

11. Energy savings using benchmark energy factor (BEF) 40

    1. General 40

    2. Technical conservation potential using BEF 40

    3. Energy savings using BEF 40

Annex A (informative) — Guidance and power conversion calculations 42

Annex B (informative) — Illustrative examples 45

Annex C (informative) — References 51

Technical Committee on Energy Efficiency of Industrial Equipment and Systems

M. Zeller BC Hydro,

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Category: User Interest/Regulatory Authority

Chair

R. P. de Lhorbe Schneider Electric Canada, Inc.,

North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Category: Producer Interest

Vice-Chair

C. Benedetti Hydro-Québec,

Montréal, Québec, Canada

Category: User Interest/Regulatory Authority

Vice-Chair

T. Brennan Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Category: User Interest/Regulatory Authority

M. Ciulei Enbridge Pipelines, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Non-voting

A. J. Cordova V.J. Pamensky Canada Incorporated, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Category: Producer Interest

J. V. Feldman Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO),

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Non-voting

D. R. Friesen Meridium Energy,

Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Category: General Interest

P. Gallant Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Non-voting

G. D. Henriques Henriques Consulting,

Richmond, British Columbia, Canada

Category: General Interest

S. Kozoriz New Gold Inc New Afton Mine, Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada

Non-voting

S. Krsikapa Ontario Ministry of Energy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Category: User Interest/Regulatory Authority

E. Milakowski Ontario Ministry of Energy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Non-voting

C. Perrett Efficiency Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Non-voting

C. D. Pitis ELEN-MECH. Consulting Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Category: General Interest

P. Vinayagamoorthy 3M Canada Company,

Brockville, Ontario, Canada

Category: Producer Interest

L. Contasti CSA Group,

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Project Manager

Subcommittee on Benchmark Energy Factor Assessment of Slurry Pumping Systems

L. Gudbjartsson BC Hydro,

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Chair

Z. Al-Chalabi ASA Energy Consulting Ltd, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

G. Jurca Teck Resources Limited,

Sparwood, British Columbia, Canada

J. Kamelle ASA Energy Consulting, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

C. D. Pitis ELEN-MECH. Consulting Inc, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

M. Zeller BC Hydro,

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

L. Contasti CSA Group,

Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Project Manager

Preface

This is the first edition of CSA C502, Benchmark energy factor assessment of slurry pumping systems.

This Standard is intended as a guide to be used to assess the overall energy performance of existing industrial slurry pumping systems by using benchmark energy factor (BEF) concepts. The BEF is the energy consumption of a system divided by the essential energy required to provide the same work under ideal conditions.

CSA Group acknowledges that the development of this Standard was made possible in part by the financial support of BC Hydro, Hydro Québec, Independent Electricity System Operator, and Manitoba Hydro.

This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Benchmark Energy Factor Assessment of Slurry Pumping Systems, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Energy Efficiency of Industrial Equipment and Systems and the Strategic Steering Committee on Performance, Energy Efficiency, and Renewables, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.

This Standard has been developed in compliance with Standards Council of Canada requirements for National Standards of Canada. It has been published as a National Standard of Canada by CSA Group. Notes:

1. Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.

2. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.

3. This Standard was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code of good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this Standard.

4. To submit a request for interpretation of this Standard, please send the following information to inquiries@csagroup.org and include “Request for interpretation” in the subject line:

   1. define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;

   2. provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and

   3. where possible, phrase the request in such a way that a specific “yes” or “no” answer will address the issue.

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5. This Standard is subject to review within five years from the date of publication. Suggestions for its improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee. To submit a proposal for change, please send the following information to inquiries@csagroup.org and include “Proposal for change” in the subject line:

   1. Standard designation (number);

   2. relevant clause, table, and/or figure number;

   3. wording of the proposed change; and

   4. rationale for the change.

CSA C502:21

Benchmark energy factor assessment of slurry pumping systems

1. Scope

   
   

   1. Inclusions

      This Standard is intended for industrial slurry pumping systems with the following characteristics:

      1. electrically driven single and multi-stage slurry pumps;

      2. flowrate greater than 10 L/s;

      3. average particle size (d50) between 50 μm and 8 mm;

      4. settling slurry;

      5. slurry behaving as a viscous Newtonian fluid (shear stress is linear and proportional to velocity gradient);

      6. two-phase (liquid and solid) or three-phase (liquid, solid, and air) slurries;

      7. any viscosity; and

      8. slurry pumping systems with total pipe length less than 100 m. For longer pipe length, see Clause 5.4.2.

      
      

   2. Exclusions

      This Standard is not intended to be used for pumping systems with the following characteristics:

      1. slurries with transport fluid other than water;

      2. gravel and dredge pumpage (average particle size greater than 8 mm); and

      3. non-settling particle in concentrations that lead to a non-Newtonian slurry.

      
      

   3. Terminology

      In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard.

      Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material.

      
      

      Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements.

      
      

      Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

      
      

   4. Units of measurement

The values given in SI units are the units of record for the purposes of this Standard. The values given in parentheses are for information and comparison only.