AWWA JAW62634 Journal AWWA - Forecasting Wholesale Demand and Conservation Savings

Journal Article by American Water Works Association, 02/01/2006

Levin, Ellen R.; Maddaus, William O.; Sandkulla, Nicole M.; Pohl, Heather

Full Description

With the goal of understanding future water demand andconservation potential for the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission's(SFPUC's) wholesale customer service area, an end-usewater demand model was used to conduct a series of comprehensiveevaluations. Using a water demand forecasting model thatfocuses on end uses such as toilets and showerheads allowsanalysts to isolate the effect of plumbing and appliance codes ondemand projections and potential water savings. In this study, themodel was applied to each wholesale customer service areaindividually to first project total water demand in 2030 and then toevaluate the cost-effectiveness of implementing a range of conservationmeasures.The study found that current plumbing and appliance codeswould reduce 2030 total water demand (estimated at 324 mgd)in the SFPUC wholesale customer service area by about 7.8%.The modeling further showed that additional water conservationmeasures could reduce total water demands by an extra2-6%. Includes 3 references, tables, figures.

Product Details

Edition: Vol. 98 - No. 2 Published: 02/01/2006 Number of Pages: 10 File Size: 1 file , 310 KB