AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

An American National Standard

Specification for Thermal Spray Equipment Performance Verification

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

An American National Standard

Approved by American National Standards Institute

October 27, 2015

Specification for Thermal Spray Equipment Performance Verification

2nd Edition

Supersedes AWS C2.21M/C2.21:2003

Prepared by the American Welding Society (AWS) C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying

Under the Direction of the AWS Technical Activities Committee

Approved by the AWS Board of Directors

Abstract

This standard specifies the essential elements of a procedure for verifying the performance of thermal spray equipment to ensure it is capable of operating according to the manufacturer’s specifications or those established by the User.

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

ISBN: 978-0-87171-873-0

©2015 by American Welding Society

All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America

Photocopy Rights. No portion of this standard may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, including mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.

Authorization to photocopy items for internal, personal, or educational classroom use only or the internal, personal, or educational classroom use only of specific clients is granted by the American Welding Society provided that the appropriate fee is paid to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, tel: (978) 750-8400; Internet:

<www.copyright.com>.

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

Statement on the Use of American Welding Society Standards

All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American Welding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards. Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.

AWSAmerican National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.

AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this standard. AWS also makes no guarantee or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.

In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It is assumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and competent personnel.

This standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amendments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards including amendments, errata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they have the latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.

Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept any and all liabilities for infringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.

AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.

Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request, in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society, Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166 (see Annex D). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professional advice. Such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.

This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying. It must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the comments. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

Personnel

AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying

D. A. Lee, Chair Kennametal, Incorporated

A. P. Yanski, Vice Chair Praxair TAFA

1. M. Rosario, Secretary American Welding Society

   W. J. Arata Carpenter Powder Products

   D. Beneteau Centerline Ltd.

   1. M. Blasingame Superior Shot Peening, Incorporated

      1. J. Connelly Green Belting Industries, Ltd.

         1. Froning The Boeing Company

            D. T. Haegele Select Arc

            J. O. Hayden Hayden Corporation

         2. M. Karinchak Platt Brothers

            1. R. Lasa Florida Department of Transportation

W. M. Medford INSPEC, Incorporated

D. R. Moody Plasma Powders and Systems

B. Mosier Polymet Corporation

K. Sampath Chart Industries

C. Sauer NAVAIR

1. L. Sender Oerlikon Metco (US), Incorporated

   S. Szapra Naval Surface Warfare Center

   R. H. Unger Polymet Corporation

   
   

   Advisors to the AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying

   R. Ahmed RasGas Co. Ltd.

   C. C. Berndt IRIS

   B. T. Costello NAVSEA

   M. R. Dorfman Oerlikon Metco (US), Incorporated

2. F. Grimenstein Nation Coating Systems, Incorporated

   1. J. Grubowski DDL OMNI

D. Guillen Idaho National Laboratory

1. A. Kapur Bay State Surface Technologies

   1. Roy Quality Calibration and Consulting

C. Tudor International MetalFusion Corporation

T. H. Via Via Technologies

M. Weinstein Wall Colmonoy Corporation

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

AWS C2G Subcommittee on Thermal Spray Equipment

D. Beneteau, Chair Centerline Ltd.

1. M. Rosario, Secretary American Welding Society

   1. M. Blasingame Superior Shot Peening, Incorporated

      J. A. Kapur Bay State Surface Technologies

      D. A. Lee Kennametal, Incorporated

      1. A. McAfee Hess Corporation

      2. R. Moody Plasma Powders and Systems

Advisors to the AWS C2G Subcommittee on Thermal Spray Equipment

J. O. Hayden Hayden Corporation

1. S. Rogers Thermion, Incorporated

   1. Roy Quality Calibration and Consulting

K. L. Sender Oerlikon Metco (US), Incorporated

1. W. Wright Accuwright Industries, Incorporated

   1. P. Yanski Praxair TAFA

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

Foreword

This foreword is not a part of AWS C2.21M/C2.21:2015, Specification for Thermal Spray Equipment Performance Verification, but is included for information purposes only.

Predictable, consistent, and reliable thermal spray equipment performance is essential for proper application of the thermal spray process. Verifying the thermal spray equipment is operating according to the manufacturer’s specifications, and established standards is an important part of a thermal spray quality assurance program.

The first version of this standard, titled Specification for Thermal Spray Equipment Acceptance Inspection, was published in 2003 as a response to ISO 14231:2000, Thermal Spraying—Acceptance Inspection of Thermal Spraying Equipment. The purpose of the standard was to provide a systematic approach to assure a purchaser the equipment has the capability to operate as the manufacturer intended. While verification of function at the time of purchase was a good first step, the industry also has a need to assure ongoing functional capability.

The change in title of this second edition reflects an expanded scope, which now includes a definition of the ongoing requirements for verification of equipment performance. Prescriptive design and performance requirements have been eliminated. Calibration considerations, processes, and procedures have been incorporated.

Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary, AWS C2 Committee on Thermal Spraying, American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36 St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.

AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

Table of Contents

Page No.

Personnel v

Foreword vii

List of Tables x

1. General Requirements 1

   1. Scope 1

   2. Units of Measure 1

   3. Safety 1

2. Normative References 2

3. Terms and Definitions 2

4. Performance Verification Procedure 3

   1. Scope of Work 3

   2. Verification Schedule 4

   3. Responsibilities 4

5. Inspection Activities 5

   1. Equipment Identification 5

   2. General Housekeeping 5

   3. Visual Inspection 5

   4. As-found/As-left Condition 6

   5. Equipment Isolation 6

   6. Critical Systems Inspection 6

   7. Maintenance 7

   8. Preventative Maintenance 7

   9. Upgrades 7

   10. Calibration 7

   11. Supplemental Training 9

   12. Performance Report 9

   13. Follow-up 9

6. Process Controls 9

   1. Ambient Conditions 9

   2. Input Voltage 10

   3. Gases 10

   4. Liquid-Fueled Systems… 12

   5. Input Energy 12

   6. Stabilization Time 12

   7. Feedstock 12

   8. Process Feedback Sensors 12

      AWS C2.21M/C2.21: 2015

7. Process-Specific Considerations 12

   1. Arc Spraying Systems 12

   2. Flame Spraying Equipment for Powder, Wire, Rod, and Cord (including HVOF) 12

   3. Plasma Spraying Equipment 13

8. Reporting 13

   1. Labeling 13

   2. Report 13

Annex A (Informative)—Useful Gas Flow Calculations 15

Annex B (Informative)—Liquid Properties 19

Annex C (Informative)—Informative References 21

Annex D (Informative)—Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquires for AWS Technical Committees 23

List of AWS Documents on Thermal Spraying 24

List of Tables

Tables Page No.

1 Standard Thermal Spray Equipment Classifications 7

1. Example Gas Flow Conversion Constants 15

2. Properties of Common Process Gases at 0°C [32°F] 16

3. Properties of Common Process Gases at 20°C [68°F] 17

B.1 Properties of Common Process Liquids 19