M00044890
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API Std 682 Pumps-Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps, Fourth Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 05/01/2014
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API STANDARD 682 FOURTH EDITION, MAY 2014
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Page
Scope 1
Normative References 1
Terms, Definitions, and Symbols 3
Terms and Definitions 3
Symbols 12
Sealing Systems 13
Seal Categories, Types, and Arrangements 13
Objectives 15
Specifying and/or Purchasing a Sealing System 15
General 23
Unit Responsibility 23
Dimensions 23
Design Requirements 23
Common Design Requirements (All Categories) 23
Design Requirements (Category-specific) 45
Specific Seal Configurations 48
Arrangement 1 Seals 48
Arrangement 2 Seals 49
Arrangement 3 Seals 52
Accessories 54
General 54
Piping for Seal Auxiliary Systems 56
Components of Seal Auxiliary Systems (if Specified in Annex G) 59
Instrumentation 72
General 72
Temperature-indicating Gauges 72
Thermowells 73
Pressure Indicators 73
Transmitters and Switches 73
Level Indicators 74
Flow Instruments 74
Relief Valves 74
Pressure Control Valves 75
Pressure Amplifiers 75
Inspection, Testing, and Preparation for Shipment 75
General 75
Inspection 75
Testing 76
Preparation for Shipment 80
Data Transfer 81
General 81
Data Requirement Forms 82
Datasheet 82
Inspector Checklist 82
Page
Annex A (informative) Recommended Seal Selection Procedure 83
Annex B (informative) Typical Materials and Material Specifications for Seal Chamber and Mechanical
Seal Components 111
Annex C (informative) Mechanical Seals Datasheets 127
Annex D (informative) Seal Codes 132
Annex E (normative) Mechanical Seals Data Requirement Forms 137
Annex F (informative) Technical Tutorials and Illustrative Calculations 140
Annex G (normative) Standard Piping Plans and Auxiliary Hardware 183
Annex H (informative) Inspectors' Checklist for All Seals 230
Annex I (normative) Seal Qualification Testing Protocol 231
Bibliography 254
Figures
Seal Configurations 16
Arrangement 1: One Seal per Cartridge Assembly 17
Arrangement 2: Two Seals per Cartridge Assembly with a Liquid Buffer Fluid 18
Arrangement 2: Two Seals per Cartridge Assembly with or Without a Gas Buffer Fluid 19
Arrangement 3: Two Seals per Cartridge Assembly with a Liquid Barrier Fluid 20
Arrangement 3: Two Seals per Cartridge Assembly with a Gas Barrier Fluid 21
Arrangement 1 Type A Seals 22
Arrangement 1 Type B Seals 22
Arrangement 1 Type C Seals 22
Retention of Seal Components in Vacuum Services and Arrangement 3 Inner Seal 25
Seal Chamber Types 26
Seal Chamber Register Concentricity 29
Section Showing Seal Gland Plate Shoulder 29
Seal Chamber Face Runout 30
Mechanical Seal Piping Connections 34
Plastic Plug with Center Tab and Example of Warning Tag 34
Seal Chamber/Gland Plate for Vertical Pumps 34
Mating Joint Gasket 35
Seal Sleeve Runout 36
Auxiliary Sleeve Arrangement 38
Seal Sleeve Attachment by Shrink Disk 39
Seal Sleeve Attachment by Split Ring 40
Clamped Faces 40
Distributed Flush Systems 47
Attachment of Key Drives to Shaft 47
Section Showing Containment-Seal Chamber Bushing for 2CW-CS and 2NC-CS Configurations 51
Seal Testing Sequence 77
Seal Selection Logic 107
Group II Seal Arrangement Selection Chart 108
Page
Conversion of mg/m3 to ppmv at 25 °C (77 °F) and Atmospheric Pressure 109
Temperature Correction Factor for Figure A.3 110
B.1 Relative PV Comparisons for Seal Face Combinations 121
Estimated Gas Leakage for 50 mm Shaft at 0.7 bar, Expressed in Normal Liters per Minute 142
Estimated Liquid (Water) Leakage for 50 mm Shaft at 2.75 bar, Expressed in Cubic
Centimeters per Minute 143
Illustration of Alternative Vapor Pressure Margin Calculation Options 145
Illustration of Vapor Pressure Margin Calculation Methods as Applied to Propane 145
Illustration of Balance Ratio Measurement Points 149
Gland Plate Model 156
System Model. 156
Pipe System Friction Curves 157
Tubing System Friction Curves 158
Circulating Device Performance and System Resistance in Tubing System Curves 160
Circulating Device Performance and System Resistance in Pipe System Curves 160
Typical Required Flush Flow for Arrangement 3 CW Seals Without Heat Soak Considered and a Pumped Fluid Temperature of 54 °C (130 °F) 161
Typical Required Flush Flow for Arrangement 3 CW Seals with Heat Soak Considered and a
Pumped Fluid Temperature of 176 °C (350 °F) 161
Typical Required Flush Flow for Arrangement 3 CW Seals with Heat Soak Considered and a
Pumped Fluid Temperature of 260 °C (500 °F) 162
Typical Required Flush Flow for Arrangement 3CW Seals with Heat Soak Considered and a
Pumped Fluid Temperature of 371 °C (700 °F) 162
Calculation Points for Piping Plan 53A Systems 165
Pressure Alarm Without Temperature Bias 169
Barrier Liquid Pressure versus Accumulator Gas Volume 170
Barrier Liquid Pressure Against Barrier Liquid Volume 171
Drive Collar Holding Capability 178
Instrument Symbols 184
Equipment Symbols 185
Standard Seal Piping Plan 01 186
Standard Seal Piping Plan 02 187
Standard Seal Piping Plan 03 188
Standard Seal Piping Plan 11 189
Standard Seal Piping Plan 12 190
Standard Seal Piping Plan 13 191
Standard Seal Piping Plan 14 192
Standard Seal Piping Plan 21 193
Standard Seal Piping Plan 22 194
Standard Seal Piping Plan 23 195
Standard Seal Piping Plan 31 197
Standard Seal Piping Plan 32 198
Standard Seal Piping Plan 41 199
Standard Seal Piping Plan 51 200
Standard Seal Piping Plan 52 201
Page
Standard Seal Piping Plan 53A 203
Standard Seal Piping Plan 53B 205
Standard Seal Piping Plan 53C 207
Standard Seal Piping Plan 54 209
Standard Seal Piping Plan 55 210
Standard Seal Piping Plan 61 211
Standard Seal Piping Plan 62 212
Standard Seal Piping Plan 65A 213
Standard Seal Piping Plan 65B 214
Standard Seal Piping Plan 66A 215
Standard Seal Piping Plan 66B 216
Standard Seal Piping Plan 71 217
Standard Seal Piping Plan 72 218
Standard Seal Piping Plan 74 219
Standard Seal Piping Plan 75 221
Standard Seal Piping Plan 76 223
Standard External Barrier/Buffer Fluid Reservoir 225
Alternative External Barrier/Buffer Fluid Reservoir. 226
Typical Installation of a Piping Plan 23 Circulation System 227
Typical Installation of a Barrier/Buffer Fluid Reservoir 228
H.1 Inspectors' Checklist 230
Water Test Parameters 244
Propane Test Parameters 245
Caustic (NaOH) Test Parameters 246
Mineral Oil Test Parameters for Applications Between 5 °C and 176 °C (23 °F and 348.8 °F) 247
Mineral Oil Test Parameters for Applications Between 176 °C and 400 °C (348.8 °F and 750 °F) 248
Seal Manufacturer Qualification Test Procedure 249
Seal Manufacturer Qualification Test Procedure for Containment Seals 250
Seal Manufacturer Qualification Test Procedure for Gas Barrier Seals 251
Mechanical Seal Qualification Test Form (1CW, 2CW-CW, 3CW-FB, 3CW-FF, and 3CW-BB) 252
Mechanical Seal Qualification Test Form (2CW-CS, 2NC-CS, 3NC-FF, 3NC-BB, and 3NC-FB) 253
Tables
Clearances Between Rotary and Stationary Components 28
Symbols and Size for Seal Chamber and Gland Plate Connections 33
Minimum Sleeve Thickness in the Area of Component-drive Set Screws 37
Minimum Requirements for Auxiliary Piping 57
Minimum Pipe Wall Thickness 58
Minimum Tubing Wall Thickness 58
Conditions Affecting Cooling Water System Design 61
Approximate Densities of Materials Found in Process Streams 63
Sizing of Bladder Accumulators 66
Nameplate for Bladder Accumulator 69
R-phrase Grouping Table 105
H Statement Grouping Table 106
Page
Materials Standards 112
Miscellaneous Materials Specifications 117
Typical Temperature Limits for Seal Face Materials 118
Typical Temperature Limits for Secondary Seals 122
Typical Hardness Range for Selected Secondary Seals 125
Example of an Arrangement 1 Mechanical Seal Code 132
API 610 Mechanical Seal Code (Obsolete) 135
Pipe and Tube Dimensions for System Loss Calculations 157
Typical Hardness Ranges for Set Screw Materials 179
Typical Hardness Ranges for Pump Shaft Materials 179
Estimated Sleeve Axial Loads 179
Organization of Qualification Testing 233
Qualification Test Fluid and Pumped Fluid Selection Chart 237
Seal Qualification Test Parameters 241
Pumps—Shaft Sealing Systems for Centrifugal and Rotary Pumps
This standard specifies requirements and gives recommendations for sealing systems for centrifugal and rotary pumps used in the petroleum, natural gas, and chemical industries. See A.1.1 and A.1.2. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or seal vendor to ensure that the selected seal and auxiliaries are suitable for the intended service condition. It is applicable mainly for hazardous, flammable, and/or toxic services where a greater degree of reliability is required for the improvement of equipment availability and the reduction of both emissions to the atmosphere and life-cycle sealing costs. It covers seals for pump shaft diameters from 20 mm (0.75 in.) to 110 mm (4.3 in.).
This standard is also applicable to seal spare parts and can be referred to for the upgrading of existing equipment. A classification system for the seal configurations covered by this standard into categories, types, arrangements, and orientations is provided.
This standard is referenced normatively in API 610. It is applicable to both new and retrofitted pumps and to pumps other than API 610 pumps (e.g. ASME B73.1, ASME B73.2, and API 676 pumps).
This standard might also be referenced by other machinery standards such as other pumps, compressors, and agitators. Users are cautioned that this standard is not specifically written to address all of the potential applications that a purchaser may specify. This is especially true for the size envelope specified for API 682 seals. The purchaser and seal vendor shall mutually agree on the features taken from this standard and used in the application.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
API Recommended Practice 520 (all parts), Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-relieving Devices in Refineries
API Standard 526, Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves
API Standard 610, Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Petrochemical and Natural Gas Industries
API Standard 614 Lubrication, Shaft-sealing and Control-oil Systems and Auxiliaries for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
ASME V 1, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, Non-destructive Examination
ASME VIII, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Rules for the Construction of Pressure vessels
ASME IX, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications
ASME B1.1, Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form) ASME B1.20.1, Pipe Threads, General Purpose, Inch
ASME B16.11, Forged Fittings, Socket-welding and Threaded
ASME B16.20, Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges—Ring Joint, Spiral-wound, and Jacketed
1 ASME International, 3 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10016-5990, www.asme.org.
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