M00044623
New product
API MPMS Chapter 7.1 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards- Chapter 7.1 - Temperature Determination?Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers, Second Edition
Handbook / Manual / Guide by American Petroleum Institute, 08/01/2017
In stock
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date: 01/06/2022
SECOND EDITION, AUGUST 2017
Neither API nor any of API’s employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assigns make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or utility of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication, or represent that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights.
Classified areas may vary depending on the location, conditions, equipment, and substances involved in any given situation. Users of this publication should consult with the appropriate authorities having jurisdiction.
Users of this publication should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.
Users of instructions should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.
Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted.
Work sites and equipment operations may differ. Users are solely responsible for assessing their specific equipment and premises in determining the appropriateness of applying the instructions. At all times users should employ sound business, scientific, engineering, and judgment safety when using this publication.
API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.
Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.
Where applicable, authorities having jurisdiction should be consulted.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © 2017 American Petroleum Institute
Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.
The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this document are as follows.
Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard.
Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the standard.
May: As used in a standard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a standard. Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability.
This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.
Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standards@api.org.
iii
Page
v
Page
This section describes how to correctly use various types of liquid-in-glass thermometers to accurately determine the temperatures of hydrocarbon liquids. Other methods, equipment, and procedures for temperature determination are described in the other sub-sections of API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 7.
vi
Temperature Determination—Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
This section describes how to correctly use various types of liquid-in-glass thermometers to accurately determine the temperatures of hydrocarbon liquids. Other methods, equipment, and procedures for temperature determination are described in the other sub-sections of API MPMS Chapter 7.
This chapter describes the methods, equipment, and procedures for manually determining the temperature of liquid petroleum and petroleum products with liquid-in-glass thermometers. This chapter discusses temperature measurement requirements in general for custody transfer, inventory control, and marine measurements. The actual method and equipment selected for temperature determination are left to the agreement of the parties involved.
The manual method covers:
Non-pressurized tanks and non-pressurized marine vessels
Gas-blanketed tanks and gas-blanketed marine vessels
It does not cover hydrocarbons under pressures in excess of 21 kPa gauge (3 psi gauge) or cryogenic temperature measurement, unless equipped with a thermowell.
The requirements of this chapter are based on practices for crude oils and petroleum products covered by API MPMS Chapter 11.1 (ASTM D1250). Requirements in this chapter may be used for other fluids and other applications. However, other applications may require different performance and installation specifications.
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS)
Chapter 1, Terms and Definitions
Chapter 2, Calibration of Upright Cylindrical Tanks (All Sections)
Chapter 3, Tank Gauging (All Sections)
Chapter 8.1, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
Chapter 11.1, Physical Properties Data, Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction Factors for Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products, and Lubricating Oils
Chapter 12.1.1, Calculation of Static Petroleum Quantities—Upright Cylindrical Tanks and Marine Vessels
Chapter 12.2, Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors
Chapter 15, Guidelines for Use of the International System of Units (SI) in the Petroleum and Allied Industries
Chapter 18.1, Custody Transfer—Measurement Procedure for Crude Oil Gathered From Lease Tanks by Truck
RP 500, Recommended Practice for Classifications of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1 and Division 2
RP 2003, Protection Against Ignitions Arising Out of Static, Lightning, and Stray Currents
1
2 API MANUAL OF PETROLEUM MEASUREMENT STANDARDS CHAPTER 7.1
RP 3000, Classifying and Loading of Crude Oil into Rail Tank Cars
D1250, Standard Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
E1, Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77, Standard Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E344, Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E2251, Standard Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals (ISGOTT)
NIST Special Publication 1088, Maintenance, Validation, and Recalibration of Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
NFPA 70, National Electrical Code
For the purpose of this document, the following definitions apply. Refer to API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS) Chapter 1 and ASTM E344 for the definition of additional terms used in this standard.
A derived unit of temperature in the International System of Units (SI).
A non-SI unit of temperature used in the U.S. Customary (USC) system of units. At any temperature, an interval of one degree Fahrenheit is the same as an interval of 5/9 degree Celsius.
°F = (°C * 9/5) + 32
The ability to sense and record the actual temperature of a liquid to the specified temperature increments.
American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.
Oil Companies International Marine Forum, 6th Floor, Portland House, Stag Place, London SW1E 5BH.
National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
National Fire Prevention Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169.
TEMPERATURE DETERMINATION—LIQUID-IN-GLASS THERMOMETERS 3
A device that measures temperature using any of a variety of different principles. A thermometer has two important components: a temperature sensor in which some physical change occurs that is dependent on temperature, and some means of indicating and/or transmitting this physical change as a value.
A glass thermometer containing mercury or a low-hazard liquid that indicates the temperature being measured.
A liquid that is biodegradable, non-hazardous and considered non-toxic in quantities specified for the thermometer specification.
A glass thermometer containing mercury that indicates the temperature being measured.
A liquid-in-glass thermometer designed to indicate temperatures correctly when the bulb and a specified part of the stem are exposed to the medium being measured.
A liquid-in-glass thermometer designed to indicate temperatures correctly when just that portion of the thermometer containing the liquid is exposed to the medium being measured.
Safety shall be considered for the specification, installation and operation of all equipment. Refer to API RP 500 and NFPA 70 for guidance. When loading liquids that can accumulate static charges, refer to the precautions described in the International Safety Guide for Oil Tankers and Terminals, Safety of Life at Sea, API MPMS Chapter 3, and API RP 2003. Care must be taken with all liquid-in-glass thermometers to prevent breakage, which will result in a safety hazard. If the liquid in the thermometer is mercury, additional care must be taken.
For custody transfer, the means of temperature determination should be agreed to among the parties involved. Temperatures referenced in this document are those defined by the International Temperature scale of 1990 (ITS-90). Temperatures may be measured and expressed in degrees Celsius or in degrees Fahrenheit. This standard presents