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API RP 1133 Managing Hydrotechnical Hazards for Pipelines Located Onshore or Within Coastal Zone Areas, Second Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 12/01/2017
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API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1133 SECOND EDITION, DECEMBER 2017
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Recommended Practice for Managing Hydrotechnical Hazards for Pipelines Located Onshore or Within Coastal Zone Areas
This recommended practice (RP) applies to new and existing hydrocarbon pipelines that transport gas and hazardous liquids. It is intended to apply to onshore waterways and coastal zones that may be susceptible to hydro- technical hazards. An onshore waterway is any man-made or natural channel through which water flows. Coastal zones extend offshore to a water depth of 15 ft and extend inland to include those areas of land influenced by tidal action, storm surge, back water flooding and other coastal hazards.
The RP provides guidelines and recommendations for identifying, assessing and managing risks to pipeline integrity associated with these hazards through the life-cycle of a pipeline. Except for the design and construction provisions in Section 7 of this RP which are strictly for new pipelines, this RP is for both existing and new pipelines.
The following codes, standards, practices, specifications publications, and government regulations are incorporated in this RP.
API 1
API Specification 6D, Pipeline Valves (Gate, Plug, Ball, and Check Valves)
API Standard 1104, Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities
API Recommended Practice 1109, Marking Liquid Petroleum Pipeline Facilities
API Recommended Practice 1110, Pressure Testing of Steel Pipelines for the Transportation of Gas, Petroleum Gas, Hazardous Liquids, Highly Volatile Liquids, or Carbon Dioxide
API Recommended Practice 1117, Movement of In-service Pipelines
API Recommended Practice 1160, Managing System Integrity for Hazardous Liquid Pipelines
AWS 2
D1.1, Structural Welding Code
NASTT 3
Guidelines for a Successful Directional Crossing Bid Package, 1996 OSHA 4
29 Code of Federal Regulations Part 1926.650 through 1926.652 (Trenching and Shoring Code Only)
American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005-4070. www.api.org
American Welding Society, 550 NW LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. www.aws.org
North American Society for Trenchless Technology, 1655 N Ft. Myer Drive, Suite 700, Arlington, VA 22209. www.nastt.org
U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 200 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20210. www.osha.gov. Note: OSHA Regulations are posted on, and can be downloaded from the OSHA website.
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2 API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 1133
For the purposes of this publication, the following definitions apply:
A pipeline permanently removed from service that has been physically separated from its source of gas or hazardous liquid and is no longer maintained.
Ice crystals carried to or formed on the channel bottom, which covers the channel bottom with a thick mass.
A facing layer (protective cover) or rip-rap consisting of very large stones placed to prevent erosion or the sloughing off of soil from an embankment.
Rapid abandonment of a river channel and the formation of a new river channel.
Features such as ripples and dunes on the channel/coastal zone bed resulting from bed material being moved by flowing water that can gradually move upstream or downstream depending on local hydraulic and sediment characteristics.
Internal or compressive longitudinal stress developed in response to curvature induced by an external load.
A low, fixed structure, constructed of timber, loose rock, rip rap, masonry, or concrete, to control water flow in an erodible channel.
Area of coastal waters and the adjacent shore lands strongly influenced by each other and includes islands, transitional and intertidal areas, salt marshes, wetlands and beaches, and extends offshore to a depth of water of 15 ft as measured from the mean low water elevation.
A temporary structure built around a site to permit construction in (relatively) dry conditions.
PHMSA Pipeline Safety has elected to use the National Waterways Network database as the basis for identifying commercially navigable waters. This database includes commercially navigable waterways in open water (i.e.
MANAGING HYDROTECHNICAL HAZARDS FOR PIPELINES LOCATED ONSHORE OR WITHIN COASTAL ZONE AREAS 3
offshore or in the Great Lakes) and those that are inland (rivers, canals, harbors, etc.) where a substantial likelihood of commercial navigation exists.
Structure typically constructed from timber or loose rock designed to guide flow away from channel banks to reduce bank erosion and promote local sedimentation.
A mixture of drilling mud and soil that is generated during drilling operations.
The general lowering of the streambed by erosive processes, such as scouring by flowing water. The removal of channel bed materials and downcutting of natural stream channels.
The physical process by which sediments, soil, and rock are added to a landform.
The distance between the top of the pipeline and the surface of the ground above the pipeline. It will typically vary across the waterway due to variations in the pipeline profile and the channel bottom topography. Minimum DoC represents the least amount of ground cover above the pipeline.
Discharge or stream/river flow, is the volumetric rate of flowing water which is transported through a given cross- sectional area. Discharge is typically described in cubic feet per second (cfs).
A pipeline designed and engineered to cross a waterway at elevations above the channel bottom. Such spans differ from those that are the result of either channel bed erosion or bank erosion.
The wearing away or removal of soil or other material by the action of water or other agents.
The phenomenon leading to facture of a material under repeated or fluctuating stresses having a maximum value less than the tensile strength of the material.
The distance over which waves are generated by a wind having constant speed and direction.