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API Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe, Forty-fifth Edition, Includes Errata (2015)
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 12/01/2012
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API SPECIFICATION 5L
FORTY-FIFTH EDITION, DECEMBER 2012 EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2013
API SPECIFICATION 5L
FORTY-FIFTH EDITION, DECEMBER 2012 EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2013
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Neither API nor any of API's employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of API's employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.
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Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.
API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations to comply with authorities having jurisdiction.
Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.
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Copyright © 2012 American Petroleum Institute
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Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.
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iii
Scope. 1
Conformity 1
Units of measurement 1
Rounding 1
Compliance to this Standard 1
Normative references 2
Terms and definitions 5
Symbols and abbreviated terms 13
Symbols 13
Abbreviated terms 14
Pipe grade, steel grade and delivery condition 15
Pipe grade and steel grade 15
Delivery condition 16
Information to be supplied by the purchaser 17
General information 17
Additional information 18
Manufacturing 21
Process of manufacture 21
Processes requiring validation 23
Starting material 23
Tack welds 24
Weld seams in COW pipe 25
Weld seams in SAW pipe 25
Weld seams in double-seam pipe 25
Treatment of weld seams in EW and LW pipes 25
Cold sizing and cold expansion 25
Coil/plate end welds 26
Jointers 26
Heat treatment 26
Traceability 26
Acceptance criteria 27
General 27
Chemical composition 27
Tensile properties 31
Hydrostatic test 32
Bend test 33
Flattening test 33
Guided-bend test 34
CVN impact test for PSL 2 pipe 34
DWT test for PSL 2 welded pipe 36
Surface conditions, imperfections and defects 36
Dimensions, mass and tolerances 38
Finish of pipe ends 43
Tolerances for the weld seam 45
Tolerances for mass 48
Weldability of PSL 2 pipe 48
Inspection 49
V
Types of inspection and inspection documents 49
Specific inspection 50
Marking 78
General 78
Pipe markings 78
Coupling markings 81
Marking of pipe to multiple grades 81
Thread identification and certification 81
Pipe processor markings 82
Coatings and thread protectors 82
Coatings and linings 82
Thread protectors 82
Retention of records 82
Pipe loading 83
Annex A (normative) Specification for welded jointers 84
Annex B (normative) Manufacturing procedure qualification for PSL 2 pipe 85
Annex C (normative) Treatment of surface imperfections and defects 90
Annex D (normative) Repair welding procedure 92
Annex E (normative) Non-destructive inspection for other than sour service or
offshore service 99
Annex F (normative) Requirements for couplings (PSL 1 only) 112
Annex G (normative) PSL 2 pipe with resistance to ductile fracture propagation 115
Annex H (normative) PSL 2 pipe ordered for sour service 122
Annex I (normative) Pipe ordered as “Through the Flowline” (TFL) pipe 135
Annex J (normative) PSL 2 pipe ordered for offshore service 137
Annex K (normative) Non-destructive inspection for pipe ordered for sour service and/or
offshore service 153
Annex L (informative) Steel designations 158
Annex M [Removed] 161
Annex N (informative) Identification/explanation of deviations 162
Annex O (informative) Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 163
Annex P (informative) Equations for Threaded and Coupled Pipe and Background Equations
for Guided Bend and CVN Test Specimens 168
Bibliography 179
VI
This Standard is based on API Spec 5L, 44th Edition.
In the preparation of this document, the technical committee maintained the concept of two basic levels of standard technical requirements for line pipe expressed as two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2). Level PSL 1 provides a standard quality level for line pipe. Level PSL 2 has additional mandatory requirements for chemical composition, notch toughness and strength properties and additional NDT. Requirements that apply to only PSL 1 or to only PSL 2 are so designated. Requirements that are not designated to a specific PSL designation apply to both PSL 1 and PSL 2 pipe.
The technical committee also recognized that the petroleum and natural gas industry often specifies additional requirements for particular applications. In order to accommodate such needs, optional additional requirements for special applications are available, as follows:
PSL 2 pipe ordered with a qualified manufacturing procedure (Annex B), the requirements of which have been enhanced to include verification detail of critical processes in the production of feedstock material, line pipe manufacture and product testing and inspection;
PSL 2 pipe ordered with resistance to ductile fracture propagation in gas pipelines (Annex G);
PSL 2 pipe ordered for sour service (Annex H);
pipe ordered as “Through the Flowline” (TFL) pipe (Annex I);
PSL 2 pipe ordered for offshore service (Annex J); The following new annex is added to this Standard.
- Equations for threaded and coupled pipe and background equations for guided bend and CVN test (Annex P).
The requirements of the annex apply only when specified on the purchase order.
When pipe is ordered for dual or multiple applications, the requirements of more than one annex for special applications can be invoked. In such instances, if a technical conflict arises due to applying the requirements of more than one annex for special applications, the most stringent requirement applicable to the intended service shall apply.
This Standard does not provide guidance on when it is necessary to specify the above supplementary requirements. Instead, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify, based upon the intended use and design requirements, which, if any, of the supplementary requirements apply for a particular purchase order.
Consideration has been given to traditional symbols (denoting mechanical or physical properties or their values, dimensions or test parameters) and the format of equations that have been widely used and which (in their traditional format) maintain strong links with other widely used standards and specifications, and with the original scientific work that led to their derivation. Accordingly, some symbols and equations, most specifically those in 9.2 and Table F.1 and Annex P have been retained in their traditional form to avoid causing confusion. Where changes have been made, care has been taken to ensure that the new symbol replacing the traditional one has been fully and clearly defined.
VII
Specification for Line Pipe
This Standard specifies requirements for the manufacture of two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2) of seamless and welded steel pipes for use in pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This Standard is not applicable to cast pipe.
In this Standard, data are expressed in both SI units and USC units. For a specific order item, only one system of units shall be used, without combining data expressed in the other system. Data values expressed in SI and USC units shall not be combined on the same inspection document or in the same required pipe marking sequence.
Where product is tested and verified against requirements using one measurement system (USC or SI), and an inspection document is issued, with data reported in the alternate measurement system units, a statement shall appear on the inspection document indicating that the data presented was converted from the measurement system used for the original inspection.
The purchaser shall specify whether data, drawings, and maintenance dimensions of pipes shall be in the International System (SI) or US Customary (USC) system of measurements. Use of an SI data sheet indicates the SI measurements shall be used. Use of a USC data sheet indicates the USC system of measurements shall be used.
For data expressed in SI units, a comma is used as the decimal separator and a space is used as the thousands separator. For data expressed in USC units, a dot (on the line) is used as the decimal separator and a space is used as the thousands separator.
Unless otherwise stated in this Standard, to determine conformance with the specified requirements, observed or calculated values shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with ISO 80000-1:2009/Cor 1:2011, Annex B, Rule A.
NOTE For the purposes of this provision, the rounding method of ASTM E29-04 [1] is equivalent to ISO 80000-1: 2009/Cor 1:2011, Annex B, Rule A.
A documented quality system shall be applied to assist compliance with the requirements of this Standard.
NOTE Documentation of a quality system does not require certification by a third party certification body. Only the creation or adoption of a written quality system is necessary to meet the requirement of this standard. API defers to the expertise of responsible quality management personnel to create or adopt the system which best reflects the need of each company. There are many existing quality management systems to which personnel can refer to for
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