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API Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe, Forty-sixth Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 04/01/2018
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API SPECIFICATION 5L
FORTY-SIXTH EDITION, APRIL 2018
API MONOGRAM PROGRAM EFFECTIVE DATE: MAY 1, 2019 ERRATA 1, MAY 2018
Date of Issue: May 2018
Affected Publication: API Specification 5L, Line Pipe, Forty-Sixth Edition, April 2018
Page 60, Table 22:
The top five rows of the table shall read like below. Cells surrounded by a red box contain updated values:
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Users of this specification should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.
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Copyright © 2018 American Petroleum Institute
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The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this specification are as follows:
the term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard;
the term “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the standard;
the term “may” is used to express permission or a provision that is optional;
the term “can” is used to express possibility or capability.
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Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standards@api.org.
Scope 1
Coverage 1
Application of the API Monogram 1
Normative References 1
Terms, Definitions, Symbols, and Abbreviations 4
Terms and Definitions 4
Symbols 11
Abbreviations 13
Conformity 14
Units of Measurement 14
Rounding 14
Compliance to This Specification 14
Quality 14
Other Terms and Definitions 15
References to Annexes 15
Pipe Grades and Steel Grades, and Delivery Condition 16
Pipe Grades and Steel Grades 16
Delivery Condition 16
Information to Be Supplied by the Purchaser 18
General Information 18
Additional Information 18
Manufacturing 22
Process of Manufacture 22
Processes Requiring Validation 24
Starting Material 24
Tack Welds 25
Weld Seams in COW Pipe 26
Weld Seams in SAW Pipe 26
Weld Seams in Double-seam Pipe 26
Treatment of Weld Seams in EW and LW Pipe 26
Cold Sizing and Cold Expansion 26
Coil/Plate End Welds 27
Jointers 27
Heat Treatment 27
Traceability 27
Acceptance Criteria 28
General 28
Chemical Composition 28
Tensile Properties 31
Hydrostatic Test 33
Bend Test 33
Flattening Test 33
Guided-bend Test 33
CVN Impact Test for PSL 2 Pipe 34
DWT Test for PSL 2 Welded Pipe 35
Surface Conditions, Imperfections, and Defects 36
Dimensions, Mass, and Tolerances 37
Finish of Pipe Ends 42
Tolerances for the Weld Seam 44
Tolerances for Mass 47
Weldability of PSL 2 Pipe 48
Inspection 48
Types of Inspection and Inspection Documents 48
Specific Inspection 49
Marking 74
General 74
Pipe Markings 75
Coupling Markings 77
Marking of Pipe to Multiple Grades 78
Thread Identification and Certification 78
Pipe Processor Markings 78
Coatings and Thread Protectors 79
Coatings and Linings 79
Thread Protectors 79
Retention of Records 79
Pipe Loading 80
Annex A (informative) API Monogram Program: Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 81
Annex B (normative) Manufacturing Procedure Qualification for PSL 2 Pipe 85
Annex C (normative) Treatment of Surface Imperfections and Defects 90
Annex D (normative) Repair Welding Procedure 92
Annex E (normative) Nondestructive Inspection for Pipe Not Required to Meet Annex H, J, or N 99
Annex F (normative) Requirements for Couplings (PSL 1 Only) 112
Annex G (normative) PSL 2 Pipe with Resistance to Ductile Fracture Propagation 115
Annex H (normative) PSL 2 Pipe Ordered for Sour Service 122
Annex I (normative) Pipe Ordered as TFL Pipe 136
Annex J (normative) PSL 2 Pipe Ordered for Offshore Service 138
Annex K (normative) Nondestructive Inspection for Pipe Ordered for Sour Service, Offshore Service,
and/or Service Requiring Longitudinal Plastic Strain Capacity 153
Annex L (informative) Steel Designations 158
Annex M (normative) Specification for Welded Jointers 160
Annex N (normative) PSL 2 Pipe Ordered for Applications Requiring Longitudinal Plastic Strain Capacity. 162 Annex O (informative) Additional Information for Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 179
Annex P (informative) Equations for Threaded and Coupled Pipe and Background Equations for
Guided-bend and CVN Test Specimens 181
Bibliography 192
Figures
Measuring Full-length Straightness 41
Measuring End Straightness 42
Reference When Using a Fixed Square Measurement 44
Dimensional Deviations of the Weld Seam 44
Sample and Test Piece Orientation and Locations 53
Flattening Tests 54
Location of Charpy Test Specimens 59
Guided-bend Test Pieces 60
Jigs for Guided-bend Test 64
C.1 Resultant Cavity of Weld Repair (PSL 2 Only) 91
D.1 Guided-bend Test Piece 96
F.1 Line Pipe and Coupling 114
H.1 Location of Hardness Tests 133
J.1 Location of Hardness Tests 150
M.1 Segment Identification Marking Sequence Example 161
N.1 Location of Hardness Tests 177
Threaded and Coupled Pipe 182
Pipe Coupling 183
Determination of Minimum Wall Thickness for Charpy Standard V-Notch Specimens 189
Determination of Minimum Wall Thickness for Tapered CVN Specimens 190
Tables
Pipe Grade and Steel Grades, and Acceptable Delivery Conditions 17
Acceptable Process of Manufacture and PSLs 22
Acceptable Manufacturing Routes for PSL 2 Pipe 23
Chemical Composition for PSL 1 Pipe with t < 25.0 mm (0.984 in.) 29
Chemical Composition for PSL 2 Pipe with t < 25.0 mm (0.984 in.) 30
Requirements for the Results of Tensile Tests for PSL 1 Pipe 31
Requirements for the Results of Tensile Tests for PSL 2 Pipe 32
CVN Absorbed Energy Requirements for Pipe Body of PSL 2 Pipe 35
Permissible Specified Outside Diameter and Specified Wall Thickness 38
Tolerances for Diameter and Out-of-roundness 39
Tolerances for Wall Thickness 40
Tolerances for Random Length Pipe 41
Maximum Angle of Internal Taper for SMLS Pipe 43
Maximum Permissible Radial Offset for SAW and COW Pipe 46
Maximum Permissible Depth of Groove for EW and LW Pipe 46
Maximum Permissible Weld Bead Height for SAW and COW Pipe (Except at Pipe Ends) 47
Inspection Frequency for PSL 1 Pipe 50
Inspection Frequency for PSL 2 Pipe 51
Number, Orientation, and Location of Test Pieces per Sample for Mechanical Tests for PSL 1 Pipe. . . 55
Number, Orientation, and Location of Test Pieces per Sample for Mechanical Tests for PSL 2 Pipe. . . 56
Relationship between Pipe Dimensions and Round Bar Test Piece Diameter for Transverse Tensile Tests 57
Relationship between Pipe Dimensions and Required Impact Test Piece for PSL 2 Pipe 60
Strain Values for Guided-bend Test 65
Test Pressures for Light-wall Threaded Pipe 67
Test Pressures for Heavy-wall Threaded Pipe 68
Percentage of Specified Minimum Yield Strength for Determination of S 69
Paint Color 77
D.1 Guided-bend Test Jig Dimensions 97
Pipe Weld Seam Nondestructive Inspection 100
SMLS Pipe Body Nondestructive Inspection 100
ISO Wire-type IQI for Radiographic Inspection 102
ASTM Wire-type IQI for Radiographic Inspection 102
Elongated Slag-inclusion-type Imperfections 104
Circular Slag-inclusion-type and Gas-pocket-type Imperfections 104
Reference Indicators 106
Acceptance Limit 108
F.1 Coupling Dimensions, Masses, and Tolerances 113
Minimum CVN Absorbed Energy Requirements for a Design Factor of 0.625 118
Minimum CVN Absorbed Energy Requirements for a Design Factor of 0.72 119
Minimum CVN Absorbed Energy Requirements for a Design Factor of 0.80 120
Chemical Composition for Pipe with t < 25.0 mm (0.984 in.) 126
Requirements for the Results of Tensile Tests 127
Inspection Frequency 129
Number, Orientation, and Location of Test Pieces per Sample for Hardness Tests 130
Dimensions, Masses per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for TFL Pipe 137
Drift Mandrel Dimensions 137
Chemical Composition for Pipe with t < 25.0 mm (0.984 in.) 142
Requirements for the Results of Tensile Tests 143
Tolerances for Diameter and Out-of-roundness 145
Tolerances for Wall Thickness 146
Maximum Permissible Radial Offset for SAW Pipe 147
Inspection Frequency 148
Number, Orientation, and Location of Test Pieces per Sample for Mechanical Tests 149
K.1 Acceptance Criteria for Laminar Imperfections 155
L.1 List of Corresponding Additional Steel Designations (Steel Numbers) for Use in Europe 159
Chemical Composition for Pipe with t < 25.0 mm (0.984 in.) 166
Tolerances for Diameter and Out-of-roundness 169
Tolerances for Wall Thickness 170
Eccentricity at Pipe Ends for Seamless Pipe 170
Maximum Permissible Radial Offset for SAW Pipe 171
Inspection Frequency 172
Number, Orientation, and Location of Test Pieces per Sample for Mechanical Tests 174
This specification is based on API Spec 5L, 45th Edition.
In the preparation of this document, the technical committee maintained the concept of two basic levels of standard technical requirements for line pipe expressed as two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2). Level PSL 1 provides a standard quality level for line pipe. Level PSL 2 has additional mandatory requirements for chemical composition, notch toughness and strength properties, and additional nondestructive testing. Requirements that apply to only PSL 1 or to only PSL 2 are so designated. Requirements that are not designated to a specific PSL designation apply to both PSL 1 and PSL 2 pipes.
The technical committee also recognized that the petroleum and natural gas industries often specify additional requirements for particular applications. In order to accommodate such needs, optional additional requirements for special applications are available, as follows:
PSL 2 pipe ordered with a qualified manufacturing procedure (Annex B), the requirements of which have been enhanced to include verification detail of critical processes in the production of feedstock material, line pipe manufacture, and product testing and inspection;
PSL 2 pipe ordered with resistance to ductile fracture propagation in gas pipelines (Annex G);
PSL 2 pipe ordered for sour service (Annex H);
pipe ordered as “through the flowline” pipe (Annex I);
PSL 2 pipe ordered for offshore service (Annex J).
The following new annex has been added to this specification:
PSL 2 Pipe Ordered for Applications Requiring Longitudinal Plastic Strain Capacity (Annex N). The requirements of the annex apply only when specified on the purchase order.
When pipe is ordered for dual or multiple applications, the requirements of more than one annex for special applications can be invoked. In such instances, if a technical conflict arises due to applying the requirements of more than one annex for special applications, the most stringent requirement applicable to the intended service shall apply.
This specification does not provide guidance on when it is necessary to specify the above supplementary requirements. Instead, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify, based on the intended use and design requirements, which, if any, of the supplementary requirements apply for a particular purchase order.
Consideration has been given to traditional symbols (denoting mechanical or physical properties or their values, dimensions, or test parameters) and the format of equations that have been widely used and which (in their traditional format) maintain strong links with other widely used standards and specifications, and with the original scientific work that led to their derivation. Accordingly, some symbols and equations, most specifically those in 9.2 and Table F.1 and Annex P, have been retained in their traditional form to avoid causing confusion. Where changes have been made, care has been taken to ensure that the new symbol replacing the traditional one has been fully and clearly defined.
Line Pipe
This specification specifies requirements for the manufacture of two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2) of seamless and welded steel pipe for use in pipeline transportation systems in the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This specification is not applicable to cast pipe.
If the product is manufactured at a facility licensed by the American Petroleum Institute (API) and is intended to be supplied bearing the API Monogram, the requirements of Annex A apply.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any addenda or errata) applies.
API Recommended Practice 5A3, Thread Compounds for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe
API Recommended Practice 5L3, Drop-Weight Tear Tests on Line Pipe
API Specification 5B, Threading, Gauging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads
API Standard 5T1, Imperfection Terminology
1
ASNT SNT-TC-1A , Recommended Practice No. SNT-TC-1A — Non-Destructive Testing
2
ASTM A370 , Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
ASTM A435, Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Plates
ASTM A578, Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications
ASTM A751, Standard Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products ASTM A941, Standard Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys ASTM A956, Standard Test Method for Leeb Hardness Testing of Steel Products
1
American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlingate Lane, Columbus, Ohio 43228, https://www.asnt.org.
2
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, https://www.astm.org.
1