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API RP 19C (R2016) Recommended Practice for Measurement of Proppants Used in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel-packing Operations, First Edition (ISO 13503-2:2006, Identical)
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 05/01/2008
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ANSI/API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 19C FIRST EDITION, MAY 2008
CONTAINS API MONOGRAM ANNEX AS PART OF US NATIONAL ADOPTION
REAFFIRMED, JUNE 2016
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Copyright © 2008 American Petroleum Institute
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Special Notes i
API Foreword ii
Foreword v
Introduction vi
Scope 1
Normative references 1
Abbreviations 1
Standard proppant sampling procedure 2
General 2
Particle segregation 2
Equipment 2
Number of required samples — Bulk 5
Sampling — Bulk material 6
Sampling — Bagged material 6
Sample handling and storage 6
Sample reduction 6
Sample splitting 6
Sample and record retention and storage 6
Sieve analysis 7
Purpose 7
Description 7
Equipment and materials 7
Procedure 7
Calculation of the mean diameter, median diameter and standard deviation 8
Sieve calibration 10
Proppant sphericity and roundness 12
Purpose 12
Description 13
Apparatus capability 13
Procedure 13
Alternate method for determining average sphericity and roundness 14
Acid solubility 15
Purpose 15
Description 15
Equipment and materials 15
Procedure 16
Turbidity test 17
Purpose 17
Description 17
Equipment and materials 17
Equipment calibration 17
Procedure 18
Procedures for determining proppant bulk density, apparent density and absolute density 18
Purpose 18
Description 18
iii
Bulk density 18
Apparent density 21
Absolute density 23
Proppant crush-resistance test 23
Purpose 23
Description 24
Equipment and materials 24
Sample preparation 24
Crush-resistance procedure 25
Loss on ignition of resin-coated proppant 27
Objective 27
Apparatus and materials 27
Loss-on-ignition procedure for whole-grain proppant 27
Annex A (informative) Formazin solution preparation 29
Bibliography 30
iv
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13503-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Drilling and completion fluids, and well cements.
ISO 13503 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries — Completion fluids and materials:
Part 1: Measurement of viscous properties of completion fluids
Part 2: Measurement of properties of proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations
Part 3: Testing of heavy brines
Part 4: Procedure for measuring stimulation and gravel-pack fluid leakoff under static conditions
Part 5: Procedures for measuring the long-term conductivity of proppants
v
This part of ISO 13503 is a compilation and modification of API RP 56 [1], API RP 58 [2] and API RP 60 [3].
The procedures have been developed to improve the quality of proppants delivered to the well site. They are for use in evaluating certain physical properties used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations. These tests should enable users to compare the physical characteristics of various proppants tested under the described conditions and to select materials useful for hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations.
The procedures presented in this part of ISO 13503 are not intended to inhibit the development of new technology, material improvements or improved operational procedures. Qualified engineering analysis and judgment are required for their application to a specific situation.
In this part of ISO 13503, where practical, US Customary (USC) units are included in brackets for information. Annex A of this part of ISO 13503 is for information only.
vi
Part 2:
This part of ISO 13503 provides standard testing procedures for evaluating proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations.
NOTE “Proppants” mentioned henceforth in this part of ISO 13503 refer to sand, ceramic media, resin-coated proppants, gravel-packing media and other materials used for hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations.
The objective of this part of ISO 13503 is to provide a consistent methodology for testing performed on hydraulic fracturing and/or gravel-packing proppants.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ASTM E11, Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
API American Petroleum Institute
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ASG apparent specific gravity
FTU formazin turbidity unit
HCI hydrochloric acid
HF hydrofluoric acid
LOI loss on ignition
NTU nephelometric turbidity unit
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