M00044422
New product
API Std 2610 (R2010) Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Terminal & Tank Facilities, Second Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 05/01/2005
API Standard 2610 covers the design, construction, operation, inspection, and maintenance of petroleum terminal and tank facilities associated with marketing, refining, pipeline, and other similar activities. This standard covers the issues of site selection and spacing, pollution prevention and waste management, safe operation, fire prevention and protection, tanks, dikes and berms, mechanical systems, product transfer, corrosion protection, structures, utilities and yard, and removals and decommissioning. Product Details
Edition: 2nd Published: 05/01/2005 Number of Pages: 53 File Size: 1 file , 420 KB Product Code(s): C26102, C26102SP, C26102, C26102SP, C26102SP, C26102 Note: This product is unavailable in Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria
In stock
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date: 01/06/2022
API STANDARD 2610 SECOND EDITION, MAY 2005
API STANDARD 2610 SECOND EDITION, MAY 2005
API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to partic- ular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.
API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train and equip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions, nor undertaking their obligations under local, state, or fed- eral laws.
Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par- ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safety data sheet.
Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or prod- uct covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be con- strued as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.
Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this review cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as an operative API standard or, where an extension has been granted, upon republication. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards department telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications, programs and services is published annually and updated biannually by API, and available through Global Engineering Documents, 15 Inv- erness Way East, M/S C303B, Englewood, CO 80112-5776.
This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropri- ate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or com- ments and questions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of the Standards Department, American Petro- leum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should be addressed to the Director, Business Services.
API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineer- ing and operating practices. These standards are not intended to obviate the need for apply- ing sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.
Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such prod- ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher,
API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
Copyright © 2005 American Petroleum Institute
This standard was developed to guide the management of terminals and tanks in a manner that protects the environment and the safety of workers and the public. This standard is intended for petroleum terminal and tank facilities associated with marketing, refining, pipe- line, and other similar facilities. This standard may be used as a resource and management guide by those responsible for such facilities and by those working on their behalf. This stan- dard is a compilation of industry knowledge, information, and management practices for all relevant aspects of terminal and tank operations aggregated into an overview document com- prising best practices. In instances where greater detail or additional information may be helpful or needed, this standard references other API publications or similar industry guides and standards. It is intended to be consistent with, but is not a substitute for, any applicable local, state, or federal regulations.
The requirements of this standard represent minimum requirements applicable to all facil- ities within the scope of this document. Some provisions in this standard, as indicated by the use of the word shall, are mandatory and have to be followed to meet the intent of this stan- dard. Some provisions are recommended, as denoted by the word should, but are not manda- tory. These provisions will need to be considered based on site-specific factors. Still other provisions are optional, as denoted by the word may. Typically, these will be given where a range of good options exists.
To foster greater awareness and assist the industry in addressing environmental, health, and safety concerns, the API has undertaken the development of this single document aggre- gating the various standards, specifications, and recommended practices on the design, con- struction, operation, inspection, and maintenance of petroleum terminals and tanks. API also has significant research underway to assist members in addressing issues of groundwater protection and remediation of soil contamination. This research includes the evaluation of improved leak detection technology and the evaluation of better methods to detect and reme- diate groundwater and soil contamination.
API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to API, Standards Department, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005, standards@api.org.
iii
CONTENTS | Page | |
1 | GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 1 |
1.1 Scope and Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 1 | |
1.2 Nonapplicability and Retroactivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 2 | |
1.3 Governmental Requirements and Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 2 | |
2 | REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 2 |
2.1 Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 2 | |
2.2 Other References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 7 | |
3 | DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 7 |
4 | SITE SELECTION AND SPACING REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | . 8 |
Overview 8
Site Selection 8
Spacing Requirements 9
POLLUTION PREVENTION AND WASTE MANAGEMENT 10
Applicability 10
Waste Management Hierarchy 10
Pollution Prevention 11
Waste Management Practices 13
SAFE OPERATIONS OF TERMINALS & TANKS 14
General 14
Hazard Identification 14
Operating Procedures 14
Safe Work Practices 14
Emergency Response and Control Procedures 14
Management of Change 15
Training 15
Pre-Startup Safety and Operational Inspection 15
Incident Investigation 15
Contractor Safety 16
7 | FIRE | PREVENTION AND PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 16 |
7.1 | General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 16 | |
7.2 | Fire Prevention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 16 | |
7.3 | Fire Fighting Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 | |
7.4 | Fire Extinguishment and Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 17 | |
7.5 | Fire Protection Water Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 18 | |
7.6 | Fire Emergency Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 18 | |
7.7 | Exposure Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 19 | |
7.8 | Special Product Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 19 |
TANKS 20
Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tanks 20
Operations, Inspections, Maintenance, and Repair for Aboveground Tanks . . . 23
Fiberglass Aboveground Storage Tanks 24
Underground Tanks and Piping 24
v
Underground Storage Tank Vapor Emissions 24
DIKES AND BERMS 24
Overview 24
Dikes 24
Berms 26
10 | PIPE, | VALVES, PUMPS & PIPING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 26 |
10.1 | General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 26 | |
10.2 | Material Compatibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 26 | |
10.3 | Piping Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 26 | |
10.4 | Piping Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 27 | |
10.5 | Pumps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 | |
10.6 | Pipeline Integrity Assurance of Existing Piping Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 29 | |
10.7 | Testing Following Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . | 30 |
LOADING, UNLOADING AND PRODUCT TRANSFER FACILITIES 30
Scope 30
General Design 30
Truck Loading/Unloading 31
Rail Tank Car Loading and Unloading 33
Marine Loading/Unloading 34
Aviation Loading/Unloading 35
Vapor Control 35
Oxygenate Blending 37
Emergency Shutdown Systems and Procedures 37
Product Testing 37
Communication 37
Measurements 37
Valves, Lines, Loading Arms, and Hose Product Identification 38
Release Prevention System in Loading/Unloading Areas 38
Maintenance/Testing 38
Auxiliary Systems 38
CORROSION CONTROL 38
Scope 38
Protective Coatings 38
Internal Tank Lining 41
Cathodic Protection 42
STRUCTURES, UTILITIES, AND YARD 43
Structures 43
Utilities 44
Yard 49
REMOVALS AND DECOMMISSIONING OF FACILITY 51
General 51
Site Control and Protection 53
Preparations 53
Execution 53
Site Assessment and Remediation 53
Closeout and Cleanup 53
Figures
Typical Electric Service and Distribution System Terminals and Bulk Plants . . . 45
Segregated Waste Stream in a Typical Terminal 47
Tank Truck Loading Yard Layout without Garage 50
Tank Truck Loading Yard Layout with Garage 51
Yard Dimensions for Trucks (See Table Above) 52
Design, Construction, Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection of Terminal & Tank Facilities
This standard covers the design, construction, operation, inspection, and maintenance of petroleum terminal and tank facilities associated with marketing, refining, pipeline, and other similar activities as stipulated in 1.1.1 through 1.1.7. This standard covers the issues of site selection and spacing, pollu- tion prevention and waste management, safe operation, fire prevention and protection, tanks, dikes and berms, mechanical systems, product transfer, corrosion protection, structures, utili- ties and yard, and removals and decommissioning.
The purpose of this standard is to consolidate a wide base of current industry experience, knowledge, information, and management practices into a cohesive standard comprising a range of best practices.
Mandatory requirements in this standard are designated by the word “shall” or “must.” Recommendations are designated by the use of the word “should.” Optional items are desig- nated by the word “may” (refer to Section 3). This standard incorporates by reference a number of other standards and recommended practices. The distinctions between mandatory, recommended, and optional provisions in the referenced doc- uments are not changed by the nature of their reference in this standard.
The values stated for this standard are in U.S. Customary units with the International System of units (SI) provided in parentheses.
The petroleum industry is engaged in the manufacture, storage, transportation, blending, and distribution of crude oil and refined products. Individual terminal facilities and plants may perform one or more of these functions. These facilities represent diverse operations ranging from small distribution facilities (e.g., bulk plants and warehouses), to large storage and distribution facilities (e.g., pipeline and marine terminals and wholesale plants), and large integrated facilities (e.g., petroleum refineries, and grease production, oil blending and packaging plants). The specific application of this standard within those various types of operations is itemized in 1.1.1 through 1.1.7.
Petroleum terminals may include tank farms, loading and unloading areas, pipeline manifolds, storage areas, ware- houses, docks, garages, laboratories, and office buildings. Products may be received and distributed by pipeline, marine transport, rail, or truck. Bulk quantities of refined products are stored in aboveground tanks for distribution in smaller quantities to industrial customers, to commercial consumers,
and to retail and wholesale marketing facilities. Petroleum terminals may also store petroleum products in consumer packaging, bulk containers, inside tanks and drums.
Pipeline tankage facilities consist of tanks and tank farms used to receive petroleum (crude oil and refined products) from pipelines, trucks, railcars, or marine facilities and to pro- vide surge relief from pipeline operations (see Office of Pipe- line Safety, Research and Special Programs Administration regulation 49 CFR Part 195 and the U.S. Coast Guard regula- tion 33 CFR Parts 154 and 156).
Provisions for loading and unloading areas, docks, blend- ing and packaging facilities, warehouses, and some refinery tankage facilities are included in this standard. Refinery tank- age covered by this standard does not include those above- ground tanks or groups of tanks as defined in 1.2.c (e.g., process tanks).
Examples of covered refinery tankage include tanks that are used to accomplish the following:
Receive incoming crude oil.
Store intermediate products or components outside of the refinery process units.
Store finished products for shipment by truck, marine transport, rail, or pipeline.
Examples of refinery tankage and other equipment specifi- cally excluded are as follows:
Tanks and equipment that are integral to refinery process equipment.
Refinery tanks and other equipment located within the bat- tery limits of process units.
Process equipment located outside the process unit battery limits.
Tanks that contain materials, such as additives, used in refinery processes or utility systems.
Although bulk plants typically handle smaller quantities of product, operations and facilities at these plants are similar to those at petroleum terminals. Bulk plants typically receive and distribute product by truck, although some are serviced by rail, marine transport, or pipeline. Bulk plants may also store an inventory of petroleum products in consumer pack- aging, bulk containers, inside tanks and drums.
1