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API RP 14F Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Division 1, and Division 2 Locations, Sixth Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 10/01/2018
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Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum
Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Division 1, and Division 2 Locations
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 14F SIXTH EDITION, OCTOBER 2018
Special Notes
API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.
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API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.
Users of this recommended practice should not rely exclusively on the information contained in this document. Sound business, scientific, engineering, and safety judgment should be used in employing the information contained herein.
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Copyright © 2018 American Petroleum Institute
Foreword
This recommended practice (RP) contains information for use primarily by engineers with a working knowledge of electrical systems and production operations. Some of the information can be useful to experienced electrical maintenance and operating personnel. The intent of the document is to identify important features of offshore electrical systems and to present generally accepted practices for electrical design and installation that experience in the offshore petroleum industry has shown results in safe, reliable, efficient, and maintainable operations. Nothing in this RP is to be construed as a fixed rule without regard to sound engineering judgment, nor is it intended to supersede or override any federal, state, or local regulation where applicable.
The First Edition of API 14F was published in July 1978 as API 14F, Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Offshore Production Platforms, under the jurisdiction of the API Production Department. The Second Edition was published on July 1, 1985. The Third Edition was published September 1, 1991. The Fourth Edition was published June 1999, with a new title, Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations. The Fifth Edition was published in July 2008. A related document, API 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1 and Zone 2 Locations, First Edition, was published in September 2001 to address zone classifications and wiring methods introduced initially in Article 505 of the 1996 National Electrical Code (NEC) and referenced the 1999 NEC. API RP 14FZ Second Edition was published in May 2013 to address zone classifications and wiring methods in Article 505 in the 2011 NEC.
This document includes usage of the verbs shall and should—whichever is the more applicable to the function. For the purpose of this document:
Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification.
Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification.
May: As used in a standard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a specification. Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability.
This RP shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used voluntarily from the date of distribution.
Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.
This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.
Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standards@api.org.
Contents
Page
Scope 1
General 1
Applicability of the National Electrical Code 1
Normative References 1
Industry Codes, Guides, and Standards 1
Government Codes, Rules, and Regulations 5
Classification Society Rules and Regulations 6
Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Definitions 6
Acronyms and Abbreviations 6
Definitions 8
Definitions Specific to Floating Facilities 22
Electrical Equipment for Hazardous (Classified) Locations 23
General 23
High-temperature Devices 24
Protection Techniques Related to Equipment Installed in Locations Classified
as Division 1 or Division 2 24
Protection Techniques Related to Equipment Approved for Zones Used in Division Locations 26
General Purpose Equipment 29
Listing, Marking, and Documentation 29
Electric Power Generating Stations 30
General 30
Prime Movers 31
Generators 34
Generator Packaging Considerations 40
Switchboards and Switchgear 41
Special Requirements for Floating Facilities 43
Electrical Distribution Systems 46
Scope 46
Voltage Level Selection 46
Conductor Selection 47
Wiring Methods for Hazardous (Classified) Locations 57
Wiring Methods for Unclassified Locations 62
Wiring Methods for Drilling and Workover Rigs 62
General Wiring Considerations 63
Conduit and Cable Seals and Sealing Methods 68
Circuit Protection 79
Grounding 80
Electrical Enclosures 83
Working Space About Electrical Equipment and Means of Access 89
Additional Requirements for Floating Facilities 91
Electric Motors 91
General 91
Selection 91
Motor Space Heaters 93
Motor Control 94
Contents
Page
Transformers 96
General 96
Selection 96
Installation 97
Connections 98
Protection 99
Lighting 99
General 99
Lighting Levels 100
Fixture Selection and Installation 102
Emergency Lighting 104
Lighting for Helicopter Operations 105
Battery Backup Powered Supply Systems (DC Charger/Uninterruptible Power Supplies) 107
General 107
Specific Applications 107
Stationary Batteries 108
Battery Chargers 112
Uninterruptible Power Supply Systems 114
Special Systems 116
Safety Control Systems 116
Gas Detection Systems 118
Fire Detection Systems 120
Aids-to-Navigation Equipment 121
Communications Equipment 122
Heat Trace Systems 123
Fire Pumps 123
Adjustable Speed Drives (Variable Frequency Drives) 123
Submarine Cables 130
Electric Oil-immersion Heaters 130
Electric Power-operated Boat Winches for Survival Craft 131
Electric Power-operated Watertight Doors 131
Hull Mechanical System Controls 131
Cargo Tanks on Floating Facilities 132
Cargo Handling Rooms on Floating Facilities 132
General Alarm System 132
Cathodic Protection 135
Subsea Electrical Systems 137
Integrated Marine Monitoring System and Tendon Tension Monitoring System 138
Special Considerations 139
Construction Practices 139
Electronic Instrumentation 141
Electrical Tools and Cord Connected Devices 141
Electrical Appliances 142
Extension Cords 142
Electrical Equipment Buildings 142
Laboratory Buildings 142
Signs 142
Contents
Page
Lockout and Tagout Procedures 142
Portable Electronic Devices (Products) 143
Abandoned Raceways and Conductors 143
System Checkout 143
General 143
Generators and Motors 143
Instrumentation and Control Circuits 143
Maintenance 144
Safety 144
Annex A (informative) Inspection Intervals 145
Annex B (informative) ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels—2015, PART 4 147
Annex C (normative) USCG Requirements, 46 CFR, Subchapter J, 111.95 155
Annex D (normative) USCG Requirements, 46 CFR, Subchapter J, 111.97 156
Annex E (informative) USCG Requirements, 46 CFR, Subchapter J, 111.105 157
Annex F (informative) Electrical Inspection Checklist 163
Annex G (informative) Example AC Top Drive Power Service Loop Ampacity Calculations 166
Bibliography 173
Figures
Typical Class I, Division 1 Electrical Installation Conduit System 69
Typical Class I, Division 1 Electrical Installation Cable System 70
Typical Class I, Division 2 Electrical Installation Conduit or Cable System 71
Typical Class I, Division 2 Electrical Conduit or Cable Installation Utilizing Class I,
Zone 0, 1, or 2 Equipment and Division 2 Wiring Methods 72
Typical Class I, Division 1, or Division 2 Electrical Installation Conduit and Cable
Connections to Process-connected Nonarcing Devices with Single-seal Diaphragm or Tube 73
Typical Class I, Division 1, or Division 2 Electrical Installation Conduit and Cable
Connections to Process-connected Nonarcing Devices with Multiple-seal Diaphragms or Tubes 74
Typical Class I, Division 1, or Division 2 Electrical Installation Conduit or Cable Connections to Flammable Fluid Process-connected Nonarcing Devices with
Multiple-seal Diaphragms or Tubes 75
Typical Class I, Division 1, or Division 2 Electrical Installation Placement of Drain Seals 76
Typical Speed Torque Curve for Variable Torque Load 126
Typical Speed Torque Curve for Constant Torque Load 126
Typical Speed Torque Curve for Constant Horsepower Load 127
Typical Speed Torque Characteristics for Impact-type Loads 128
Top Drive Installed in Derrick with Power Service Loop Potted Entire Length 166
Top Drive Installed in Derrick with Power Service Loops Potted Entire Length 168
Top Drive Installed in Derrick with Power Service Loop Potted at Each End Only 170
Top Drive Installed in Derrick Drill Motor Power Cables Routed Through Drag-Chain 171
Tables
Types of Protection Designation for Zone Equipment Used in Divisions 27
Contents
Page
Ampacities for Marine Shipboard Distribution, Control, and Signal Cables,
2000 V or Less, AC or DC, Copper Conductors, Single-banked (Single-layered),
Maximum Current-carrying Capacity Based on 45 ºC (113 ºF) Ambient 48
Allowable Ampacities of Insulated Nickel-coated Copper Conductors (27 % Nickel)
Rated 0 Through 2000 V, 75 °C, Not More Than Three Current-carrying Conductors
in Raceway, Cable Maximum Current-carrying Capacity Based on 45 °C (113 °F) Ambient 49
Ampacities for Marine Shipboard Single-conductor Distribution Cables,
2000 V or Less, DC Only, Copper Conductors, Single-banked (Single-layered), Maximum Current-carrying Capacity Based on 45 °C (113 °F) Ambient 49
Ampacity Adjustment Factors for More Than Three Conductors for Tables 2, 3, and 4 50
Ampacities for Three-conductor Medium-voltage Power Cable, 2001 V to 35 kV,
Copper Conductor Single-banked (Single-layered), Maximum Current-carrying Capacity
Based on 45 °C (113 °F) Ambient 51
Ampacities for Medium-voltage Power Cable, 2001 V to 35 kV, Copper Conductor Single-conductor in Triplexed or Triangular Configuration, Maximum Current Carrying
Capacity Based on 45 °C (113 °F) Ambient 52
Ampacities for Single-conductor Medium-voltage Power Cable, 2001 V to 35 kV,
Copper Conductor Single-banked (Single-layered), Maximum Current-carrying Capacity
Based on 45 °C (113 °F) Ambient, Shields Grounded on One End (Open-circuited Shields) 53
Medium-voltage Power Cable, 2001 V to 35 kV Adjustments for Tables 6, 7, and 8 54
Wiring Methods for Hazardous (Classified) Locations 58
Commonly Available Power and Control Cables Sizes and Configurations 67
Commonly Available Instrumentation Cable Sizes and Configurations 68
Circuit Protection Devices—Advantages and Disadvantages 79
NEMA Enclosures 84
Degree of Protection of Enclosures in Accordance with IEC 60529 87
Selection of IEC 60529 IP Rated Enclosures to Meet NEMA Requirements 88
Selection of NEMA Enclosures to Meet IP Designations 89
Working Clearances 90
NEMA Motor Starter Sizing 94
Minimum Maintained Levels of Illumination for Efficient Visual Tasks 101
Minimum Maintained Levels of Illumination for Safety 102
Comparison of Batteries by Cell Type 109
Alarm Tones for Fixed Facilities 133
Alarm Tones for Floating Facilities 135
A.1 Recommended Inspection Intervals 145
Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Division 1 and Division 2 Locations
This document recommends minimum requirements and guidelines for the design, installation, and maintenance of electrical systems on fixed and floating petroleum facilities located offshore. For facilities classified as Zone 0, Zone 1, or Zone 2, reference API RP 14FZ, Recommended Practice for Design, Installation, and Maintenance of Electrical Systems for Fixed and Floating Offshore Petroleum Facilities for Unclassified and Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 Locations. These facilities include drilling, producing, and pipeline transportation facilities associated with oil and gas exploration and production. This recommended practice is not applicable to mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs) without production facilities. This document is intended to bring together in one place a brief description of basic desirable electrical practices for offshore electrical systems. The recommended practices contained herein recognize that special electrical considerations exist for offshore petroleum facilities. These include the following:
the inherent electrical shock possibility presented by the marine environment and steel decks;
space limitations that require that equipment be installed in or near hazardous (classified) locations;
the corrosive marine environment;
motion and buoyancy concerns associated with floating facilities.
This recommended practice applies to both permanent and temporary electrical installations. The guidelines presented herein should provide a high level of electrical safety when used in conjunction with well- defined area classifications. This recommended practice emphasizes safe practices for hazardous (classified) locations on offshore petroleum facilities but does not include guidelines for classification of areas; for guidance on the classification of areas refer to API RP 500.
Electrical systems for offshore petroleum facilities shall be designed and installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code (NEC), 2017 edition, except where specific departures are noted.
Various organizations have developed numerous codes, guides, and standards that have substantial acceptance by industry and governmental bodies. Codes, guides, and standards useful in the design and installation of electrical systems are listed below as references only. These are not considered to be a part of this recommended practice except for those specific sections of documents referenced elsewhere in this recommended practice.
API RP 2L, Recommended Practice for Planning, Designing, and Constructing Heliports for Fixed Offshore Platforms
API RP 14C, Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation, and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems on Offshore Production Platforms