M00042907
New product
API RP 90-2 Annular Casing Pressure Management for Onshore Wells, First Edition
standard by American Petroleum Institute, 04/01/2016
In stock
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date: 01/06/2022
API RECOMMENDED PRACTICE 90-2 FIRST EDITION, APRIL 2016
API publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.
Neither API nor any of API’s employees, subcontractors, consultants, committees, or other assignees make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of the information contained herein, or assume any liability or responsibility for any use, or the results of such use, of any information or process disclosed in this publication. Neither API nor any of API's employees, subcontractors, consultants, or other assignees represent that use of this publication would not infringe upon privately owned rights.
API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any authorities having jurisdiction with which this publication may conflict.
API publications are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices. These publications are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineering judgment regarding when and where these publications should be utilized. The formulation and publication of API publications is not intended in any way to inhibit anyone from using any other practices.
Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the marking requirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicable requirements of that standard. API does not represent, warrant, or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Contact the Publisher, API Publishing Services, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © 2016 American Petroleum Institute
Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.
This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.
Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually by API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20005, standards@api.org.
iii
Page
v
Page
This recommended practice is intended to serve as a guide for managing annular casing pressure (ACP) in onshore wells. Onshore wells are subject to the same causes of ACP as wells constructed and operated in offshore environments (discussed in API 90). The architecture of an onshore well is such that it generally provides physical access to each casing annulus at the wellhead.
Wells are designed to permit operation under pressure. The existence of pressure in a contained annular space is only problematic when that pressure exceeds the designed (or de-rated) maximum allowable wellhead operating pressure (MAWOP) or when a change in the pressure indicates a potential loss of well integrity.
vi
Annular Casing Pressure Management for Onshore Wells
This document is intended to serve as a guide to monitor and manage annular casing pressure (ACP) in onshore wells, including production, injection, observation/monitoring, and storage wells. This document applies to wells that exhibit thermally induced, operator-imposed, or sustained ACP. It includes criteria for establishing diagnostic thresholds (DTs), monitoring, diagnostic testing, and documentation of ACP for onshore wells. Also included is a discussion of risk management considerations that can be used for the evaluation of individual well situations where the annular casing pressure falls outside the established diagnostic thresholds.
This document recognizes that an ACP outside of the established DTs can result in a risk to well integrity. The level of risk presented by ACP depends on many factors, including the design of the well, the performance of barrier systems within the well, the source of the annular casing pressure, and whether there is an indication of annular flow exists. This document provides guidelines in which a broad range of casing annuli that exhibit annular casing pressure can be managed while maintaining well integrity.
This document applies to annular casing pressure management in onshore wells during normal operation. In this context, normal operation is considered the operational phase during the life of a well that begins at the end of the well construction process and extends through the initiation of well abandonment operations, excluding any periods of well intervention or workover activities.
The design and construction of wellbores for the prevention of unintended ACP and the management of ACP during drilling, completion, well intervention and workover, and abandonment operations are beyond the scope of this document. The isolation of potential flow zones during well construction (zones that can be the source of sustained annular casing pressure) is addressed in API 65-2. In some cases, the annular casing pressure can be reduced or remediated. The remediation of sustained casing pressure (SCP) is also beyond the scope of this document.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies (including any addenda/errata).
API Technical Report 5C3, Bulletin on Formulas and Calculations for Casing, Tubing, Drill Pipe and Line Pipe Properties
API Specification 5CT, Specification for Casing and Tubing
API Standard 65-2, Isolating Potential Flow Zones during Well Construction
For the purposes of this document the following terms and definitions apply.
The space between the borehole and tubulars or between tubulars, where fluid (liquid and/or gas) can flow.
0