Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 10.2

Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation

THIRD EDITION, AUGUST 2013

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Contents

Page

1. Scope 1

2. Referenced Documents 1

3. Summary of Test Method 1

4. Significance and Use 1

5. Apparatus 2

6. Solvent 2

7. Sampling, Test Samples, and Test Units. 2

8. Calibration 3

9. Procedure 3

10. Calculation 3

11. Report 4

12. Precision and Bias 4

13. Keywords 4

Annex A1 (Mandatory Informatioon) Warning Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annex X1 (Nonmandatory Information) Precision and Bias of Test Methods for Determining

Water in Crude Oils 5

Summary of Changes 11

Figures

1. Distilationn Apparatus 2

2. Pick, Scraper, and Jet Spray Tube for Distillation Apparatus 4

3. Basic Sediment and Water Precision 5

X1.1 Basic Sediment Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5)

Distillation Method (Based on Seven Laboratories) 9

X1.2 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Method (Based on Five Laboratories) 10

X1.3 Basic Sediment and Water Precision for ASTM Test Method D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) Centrifuge Method (Based on Six Laboratories) 10

Tables

X1.1 Base Case—Water Content of Crudes 6

X1.2 Water Content of Crude Oil Samples 6

X1.3 Determination of Water in Crude Oils, % H2O 7

X1.4 Corrections to be Applied to Measured Values to Obtain “True” Water Content 7

X1.5 Bias of Test Methods Estimated from Spiked Samples 7

X1.6 Round-Robin Results of Water in Crude Oils by ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5)

and ASTM D1796 (API MPMS Chapter 10.6) 8

X1.7 ASTM Precision Intervals: ASTM D95 (API MPMS Chapter 10.5) (7 Laboratories) 9

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Designation: D4006 − 11 (Reapproved 2012)´1

Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 10.2

Standard Test Method for

Water in Crude Oil by Distillation1

This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

ε1 NOTE—API information was editorially corrected in June 2013.

1. Scope*

   1. This test method covers the determination of water in crude oil by distillation.

   2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

   3. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1 and A1.1.

      
      

2. Referenced Documents

   1. ASTM Standards:2

      D95 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (API MPMS Chapter 10.5)

      D473 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (API MPMS Chapter 10.1) D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of

      Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water

      D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) (API MPMS Chapter 10.6)

      D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1)

      
      

      1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measure- ment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ on Hydro- carbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API).

      Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D4006–11. DOI: 10.1520/D4006-11R12.

      2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.

      
      

      D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2)

      D4928 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (API MPMS Chapter 10.9)

      E123 Specification for Apparatus for Determination of Water by Distillation

   2. API Standards:

      MPMS Chapter 8.1 Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4057)

      MPMS Chapter 8.2 Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Practice D4177)

      MPMS Chapter 10.1 Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method (ASTM Test Method D473)

      MPMS Chapter 10.4 Determination of Water and/or Sedi- ment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)

      MPMS Chapter 10.5 Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation (ASTM Test Method D95)

      MPMS Chapter 10.6 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Proce- dure) (ASTM Test Method D1796)

      MPMS Chapter 10.9 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration (ASTM Test Method D4928)

      
      

3. Summary of Test Method

   1. The sample is heated under reflux conditions with a water immiscible solvent which co-distills with the water in the sample. Condensed solvent and water are continuously sepa- rated in a trap—the water settles in the graduated section of the trap, and the solvent returns to the distillation flask.

      
      

4. Significance and Use

   1. A knowledge of the water content of crude oil is important in the refining, purchase, sale, or transfer of crude oils.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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