Specification for Line Pipe

API SPECIFICATION 5L

FORTY-SECOND EDITION, JANUARY 2000 EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2000

Specification for Line Pipe

Upstream Segment

API SPECIFICATION 5L

FORTY-SECOND EDITION, JANUARY 2000 EFFECTIVE DATE: JULY 1, 2000

SPECIAL NOTES

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Copyright © 1999 American Petroleum Institute

FOREWORD

Specification 5L covers seamless and welded steel line pipe. It includes plain-end, threaded-end, and belled-end pipe, as well as through-the-flowline (TFL) pipe and pipe with ends prepared for use with special couplings.

Although the plain-end line pipe meeting this specification is primarily intended for field makeup by circumferential welding, the manufacturer will not assume responsibility for field welding.

The purpose of this specification is to provide standards for pipe suitable for use in con- veying gas, water, and oil in both the oil and natural gas industries.

This specification is under the jurisdiction of the Committee on Standardization of Tubu- lar Goods and includes changes to the previous edition approved by letter ballot through June 1999. Specifications 5LS and 5LX have been incorporated into this edition of Specifi- cation 5L. The last editions of Specifications 5LS and 5LX, published in March 1982, have been withdrawn.

Due to the large numbers of changes from the Forty-first Edition, change bars are not included in this edition.

This standard shall become effective on the date printed on the cover but may be used vol- untarily from the date of distribution.

API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict.

Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the general manager of the Upstream Segment, American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington,

D.C. 20005.

iii

CONTENTS

Page

1. SCOPE 1

   1. Purpose and Coverage 1

   2. Product Specification Level (PSL) 1

   3. Grades 1

   4. Dimensions 1

   5. Units 1

2. REFERENCES 1

3. DEFINITIONS 2

4. INFORMATION TO BE SUPPLIED BY THE PURCHASER 3

5. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE AND MATERIAL 5

   1. Process of Manufacture 5

   2. Cold Expansion 7

   3. Material 7

   4. Heat Treatment 7

   5. Skelp End Welds in Helical Seam Pipe 7

   6. Traceability 8

6. MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS 8

   1. Chemical Properties 8

   2. Mechanical Properties 8

7. DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS, LENGTHS, DEFECTS, AND END FINISHES 10

   1. Specified Dimensions 10

   2. Diameter 10

   3. Wall Thickness 11

   4. Weight 11

   5. Length 11

   6. Straightness 11

   7. Jointers 11

   8. Workmanship and Defects 12

   9. Pipe Ends 14

8. COUPLINGS (PSL 1 ONLY) 14

   1. Material 14

   2. Tensile Tests 15

   3. Dimensions 15

   4. Inspection 15

9. INSPECTION AND TESTING 15

   1. Test Equipment 15

   2. Testing of Chemical Composition 15

   3. Testing of Mechanical Properties 15

   4. Hydrostatic Tests 17

   5. Dimensional Testing 18

   6. Visual Inspection 18

   7. Nondestructive Inspection 18

   8. Test Methods 21

   9. Invalidation of Tests 22

   10. Retests 22

   11. Reprocessing 24

10. MARKING 24

    1. General 24

    2. Location of Markings 24

    3. Sequence of Markings 24

    4. Bundle Identification 26

    5. Length 26

    6. Couplings 26

    7. Die Stamping 26

    8. Thread Identification 26

    9. Thread Certification 26

    10. Pipe Processor Markings 26

11. COATING AND PROTECTION 26

    1. Coatings 26

    2. Thread Protectors 26

12. DOCUMENTS 27

    1. Certification 27

    2. Retention of Records 27

13. PIPE LOADING 27

APPENDIX A SPECIFICATION FOR WELDED JOINTERS (NORMATIVE) 77

APPENDIX B REPAIR OF DEFECTS BY WELDING (NORMATIVE) 79

APPENDIX C REPAIR WELDING PROCEDURE (NORMATIVE) 81

APPENDIX D ELONGATION TABLE (NORMATIVE) 87

APPENDIX E DIMENSIONS, WEIGHTS, AND TEST PRESSURES—

SI UNITS (NORMATIVE) 91

APPENDIX F SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS (NORMATIVE) 119

SR3 Color Identification 119

SR4 Nondestructive Inspection of Seamless Line Pipe 119

SR5 Fracture Toughness Testing (Charpy V-Notch) for Pipe of Size

41/2 or Larger 119

SR5A Shear Area 120

SR5B Absorbed Energy 121

SR6 Drop-Weight Tear Testing on Welded Pipe of Size 20 or Larger,

Grade X52 or Higher 121

SR7 Through-the-Flowline (TFL) Pipe 122

SR15 Test Certificates and Traceability for Line Pipe 122

SR17 Nondestructive Inspection of Welds in Electric Welded Pipe and

Laser Welded Pipe 123

SR18 Carbon Equivalent 123

SR19 Additional Fracture Toughness Requirements

(Transverse Charpy V-Notch) for PSL 2 Pipe 123

APPENDIX G GUIDED-BEND TEST JIG DIMENSIONS (NORMATIVE). 129

APPENDIX H PURCHASER INSPECTION (NORMATIVE) 141

APPENDIX I MARKING INSTRUCTIONS FOR API LICENSEES

(NORMATIVE) 143

APPENDIX J SUMMARY OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PSL 1 AND PSL 2 (INFORMATIVE) 147

APPENDIX K END LOAD COMPENSATION FOR HYDROSTATIC TEST PRESSURES IN EXCESS OF 90% OF SPECIFIED MINIMUM

YIELD STRENGTH (NORMATIVE) 149

APPENDIX M CONVERSION PROCEDURES 151

Figures

1. Belled End for Bell and Spigot Joint 27

2. Line Pipe and Coupling 27

3. Orientation of Tensile Test Specimens 28

4. Tensile Test Specimens 29

5. Flattening Tests 30

6. API Standard Penetrameter 30

7. Examples of Maximum Distribution Patterns of Indicated Circular

   Slag-Inclusion and Gas-Pocket-Type Discontinuities 31

8. Examples of Maximum Distribution Patterns of Indicated

   Elongated Slag-Inclusion-Type Discontinuities 32

9. Reference Standards 33

10. Guided-Bend Test Specimen 34

11. Jig for Guided-Bend Test 35

1. Transverse Tensile Test Specimen 83

2. Guided-Bend Test Specimen 83

3. Jig for Guided-Bend Test 84

4. Nick-Break Test Specimen 85

1. Reference Standards 124

2. Impact Test Specimen Tapered End Allowance 125

3. Charpy V-Notch and Drop-Weight Tear Test Specimen Locations 125

Tables

1 Process of Manufacture and Product Specification Level (PSL) 36

2A PSL 1 Chemical Requirements for Heat and Product Analyses by

Percentage of Weight 37

2B PSL 2 Chemical Requirements for Heat and Product Analyses by

Percentage of Weight 37

3A Tensile Requirements for PSL 1 38

3B Tensile Requirements for PSL 2 38

1. Standard-Wall Threaded Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights, and Test Pressures (U.S. Customary and SI Units) 39

2. Heavy-Wall Threaded Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights, and Test Pressures

(U.S. Customary and SI Units) 40

6A Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures

for Sizes 0.405 Through 1.900 (U.S. Customary Units) 41

6B Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for Sizes 23/8 through 59/16 (U.S. Customary Units) 42

6C Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for Sizes 65/8 through 80 (U.S. Customary Units) 45

1. Tolerances for Diameter of Pipe Body 69

2. Tolerance for Diameter at Pipe Ends 69

3. Tolerances for Wall Thickness 69

   
   

4. Tolerances for Weight 70

5. Tolerances on Lengths 70

6. Coupling Dimensions, Weights, and Tolerances 71

7. Maximum Inspection Lot Size for Tensile Testing 72

8. Relationship Between Pipe Dimensions and Required Charpy Specimens 72

9. API Standard 4 Percent Penetrameters 73

10. API Standard 2 Percent Penetrameters 73

11. ISO Wire 4 Percent Penetrameters 74

12. ISO Wire 2 Percent Penetrameters 74

13. Elongated Slag-Inclusion-Type Discontinuities 74

14. Circular Slag-Inclusion-Type and Gas-Pocket-Type Discontinuities 75

15. Acceptance Limits 75

16. Retention of Records 76

C-1 Guided-Bend Test Jig Dimensions 85

1. Elongation Table (U. S. Customary Units) 87

2. Elongation Table (SI Units) 89

E-6A Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures

for Sizes 0.405 Through 1.900 (SI Units) 91

E-6B Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for Sizes 23/8 through 59/16 (SI Units) 92

E-6C Plain-End Line Pipe Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for Sizes 65/8 through 80 (SI Units) 95

1. Minimum Wall Thickness to Obtain Transverse Charpy V-Notch

   Test Specimens 125

2. Dimensions, Weights per Unit Length, and Test Pressures for TFL Pipe 126

3. Minimum All-Heat Average Absorbed Energy Requirements for

Stress Factor f of 0.72 126

G-1 Guided-Bend Test Jig Dimensions 129

viii

Specification for Line Pipe

1. Scope

   1. PURPOSE AND COVERAGE

      The purpose of this specification is to provide standards for pipe suitable for use in conveying gas, water, and oil in both the oil and natural gas industries.

      This specification covers seamless and welded steel line pipe. It includes plain-end, threaded-end, and belled-end pipe, as well as through-the-flowline (TFL) pipe and pipe with ends prepared for use with special couplings.

      Although the plain-end line pipe meeting this specification is primarily intended for field makeup by circumferential welding, the manufacturer will not assume responsibility for field welding.

      
      

   2. PRODUCT SPECIFICATION LEVEL (PSL)

      This specification establishes requirements for two product specification levels (PSL 1 and PSL 2). These two PSL desig- nations define different levels of standard technical require- ments. PSL 2 has mandatory requirements for carbon equivalent, notch toughness, maximum yield strength, and maximum tensile strength. These and other differences are summarized in Appendix J.

      Requirements that apply to only PSL 1 or only PSL 2 are so designated. Requirements that are not designated to a spe- cific PSL apply to both PSL 1 and PSL 2.

      The purchaser may add requirements to purchase orders for either PSL 1 or PSL 2, as provided by the supplementary requirements (Appendix F) and other options (4.2 and 4.3).

      
      

   3. GRADES

      The grades (see the note) covered by this specification are the standard Grades A25, A, B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70 and X80; and any intermediate grades (grades that are higher than X42, intermediate to two sequential standard grades, and agreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer).

      PSL 1 pipe can be supplied in Grades A25 through X70. PSL 2 pipe can be supplied in Grades B through X80.

      Class II (Cl II) steel is rephosphorized and probably has bet- ter threading properties than Class I (Cl I). Because Class II (Cl II) has higher phosphorus content than Class I (Cl I), it may be somewhat more difficult to bend.

      Pipe manufactured as Grade X60 or higher shall not be substituted for pipe ordered as Grade X52 or lower without purchaser approval.

      Note: The grade designations are dimensionless. Grades A and B do not include reference to the specified minimum yield strength; how- ever, other grade designations are composed of the letter A or X,

      1

      followed by the first two digits of the specified minimum yield strength in U.S. Customary units.

      
      

   4. DIMENSIONS

      The sizes used herein are dimensionless designations, which are derived from the specified outside diameter as mea- sured in U.S. Customary units, and provide a convenient method of referencing pipe size within the text and tables (but not for order descriptions). Pipe sizes 23/8 and larger are expressed as integers and fractions; pipe sizes smaller than 23/8 are expressed to three decimal places. These sizes replace the “size designation” and the “nominal size designa- tion” used in the previous edition of this specification. Users of this specification who are accustomed to specifying nomi- nal sizes rather than OD sizes are advised to familiarize themselves with these new size designations used in this specification, especially the usage in Tables 4, 5, and 6A.

      PSL 1 pipe can be supplied in sizes ranging from 0.405 through 80.

      PSL 2 pipe can be supplied in sizes ranging from 41/2 through 80.

      Dimensional requirements on threads and thread gages, stipulations on gaging practice, gage specifications and certi- fication, as well as instruments and methods for inspection of threads are given in API Standard 5B and are applicable to threaded products covered by this specification.

      
      

   5. UNITS

      U.S. Customary units are used in this specification; SI (metric) units are shown in parentheses in the text and in many tables. The values stated in either U.S. Customary units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The val- ues stated are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other, without combining values for any specific order item.

      See Appendix M for specific information about rounding procedures and conversion factors.

      
      

2. References

   1. This specification includes by reference, either in total or in part, the latest editions of the following API and industry standards:

API

RP 5A3 Thread Compounds for Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe

Spec 5B Specification for Threading, Gauging, and Thread Inspection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads