Cements and Materials for Well Cementing

API SPECIFICATION 10A

TWENTY-FIFTH EDITION, MARCH 2019

API MONOGRAM PROGRAM EFFECTIVE DATE: SEPTEMBER 2019 ADDENDUM 1, NOVEMBER 2019

Special Notes

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Copyright © 2019 American Petroleum Institute

Foreword

Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.

The verbal forms used to express the provisions in this recommended practice are as follows:

• the term “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the specification;

  
  

• the term “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in order to conform to the specification;

  
  

• the term “may” is used to express permission or a provision that is optional; and

  
  

• the term “can” is used to express possibility or capability.

This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum Institute, 200 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20001. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.

For API Monogram Program licensees and APIQR Program registrants, this standard shall become effective on the program date printed on the cover but may be used voluntarily from the date of publication.

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Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 200 Massachusetts Avenue, NW, Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20001, standards@api.org.

iii

Contents

Page

1. Scope 1

   1. General 1

   2. Application of the API Monogram 1

   3. Use of Metric SI and US Customary Units 1

2. Normative References 1

3. Terms, Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations 2

   1. Terms and Definitions 2

   2. Acronyms and Abbreviations 3

4. Requirements 4

   1. Specification, Chemical, and Physical Requirements 4

   2. Sampling Frequency, Timing of Tests, and Equipment 9

5. Sampling Procedure 10

6. Fineness Tests 10

   1. Procedure 10

   2. Requirements 10

7. Preparation of Slurry for Free-fluid, Compressive Strength and Thickening-time Tests 11

   1. Apparatus 11

   2. Procedure 12

8. Free-fluid Test (free-water) 13

   1. Apparatus 13

   2. Calibration 18

   3. Procedure 19

   4. Calculation of Percent Free-Fluid 19

   5. Acceptance Requirements 20

9. Compressive Strength Tests 20

   1. Apparatus 20

   2. Procedure 22

   3. Test Procedure 24

   4. Compressive Strength Acceptance Criteria 24

10. Thickening-time Tests 25

    1. Apparatus 25

    2. Calibration 31

    3. Procedure 34

    4. Thickening-time and Consistency 37

    5. Specification Acceptance Requirements 37

11. Marking 38

12. Packing 38

13. Bentonite 39

v

Contents

Page

Annex A (informative) API Monogram Program—Use of the API Monogram by Licensees 40

Annex B (normative) Composite Well Cements 44

Annex C (normative) Calibration and Verification of Well Cement Testing Equipment 49

Annex D (informative) Calibration Procedures for Thermocouples,

Temperature-measuring Systems, and Controllers 64

Bibliography 66

Figures

1. Example of a Typical Cement-Mixing Device 12

2. Common Blade Assembly 12

3. Container Assembly for an Atmospheric Pressure Consistometer 14

4. Typical Lid and Mechanism for an Atmospheric Pressure Consistometer 15

5. Slurry Container for an Atmospheric Pressure Consistometer 16

6. Paddle for an Atmospheric Pressure Consistometer 17

7. Typical Conical 500-mL Flask for Free-fluid Measurement 18

8. Typical Gear Drive Consistometer for Pressurized Specification Thickening-time Test 26

9. Typical Magnetic Drive Consistometer for Pressurized Specification Thickening-time Test 27

10. Slurry Container Assembly for a Pressurized Consistometer 28

11. Slurry Container Assembly for a High-temperature Pressurized Consistometer 29

12. Paddle for a Pressurized Slurry Container 30

13. Paddle Shaft for a Pressurized Slurry Container 31

14. Typical Potentiometer Mechanism for a Pressurized Consistometer 33

1. Worn Blade Compared to a New One 56

2. Common Calibrating Device for Pressurized Consistometer Potentiometer 60

Tables

1. Chemical Requirements 6

2. Summary of Physical and Performance Requirements 8

3. Specification Test Equipment for Well-Cement Manufacturers 10

4. Slurry Requirement 13

5. Dimensions for a 500-mL Conical Flask without Caps or Stoppers 18

6. Dimensions for 50-mm and 2-in. Cube-molds in Use 20

7. Specification Schedules for Pressurized Curing of Class D Cement Specimens 23

8. Compressive Strength Specification Requirements 25

9. Schedule 4: Specification Thickening-time Test for Classes A, B, C, and D Cement 36

10. Schedule 5: Specification Thickening-time Test for Classes G and H Cement 36

11. Schedule 6: Specification Thickening-time Test for Class D Cement 37

12. Thickening-time Acceptance Requirement 38

B.1 Physical and Performance Requirements for Composite Well Cements 48

1. Equipment Calibration Requirements 50

2. Verification and Calibration of Well Cement Testing Equipment 51

3. Permissible Variation in Mass of Reference Weights 55

4. Slurry Consistency vs Equivalent Torque (for Potentiometer with Radius of 52 mm ±1 mm) 61

5. Density of Distilled Water as a Function of Temperature 62

vi

Introduction

It is necessary that users of this specification be aware that further or differing requirements can be required for individual applications. This specification is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This can be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is offered, it is the responsibility of the vendor to identify any variations from this specification and provide details.

In this specification, where practical, US Customary (USC) units are included in brackets for information. The units do not necessarily represent a direct conversion of SI to USC units, or USC to SI units. Consideration has been given to the precision of the instrument making the measurement. For example, thermometers are typically marked in 1° increments, thus temperature values have been rounded to the nearest degree.

In this specification, calibrating an instrument refers to assuring the accuracy of the measurement. Accuracy is the degree of conformity of a measurement of a quantity to its actual or true value. Accuracy is related to precision, or reproducibility, of a measurement. Precision is the degree to which further measurements or calculations will show the same or similar results. Precision is characterized in terms of the standard deviation of the measurement. The results of calculations or a measurement can be accurate, but not precise, precise but not accurate, neither or both. A result is valid if it is both accurate and precise.

viii

Cements and Materials for Well Cementing

1. Scope

   
   

   1. General

      
      

      This document specifies requirements and gives recommendations for six classes of well cements, and two classes of composite well cements including their chemical and physical requirements, and procedures for physical testing.

      
      

      This specification is applicable to well cement classes A, B, C, and D, which are the products obtained by grinding Portland cement clinker and, if needed, calcium sulfate (CaSO4) as an interground additive. Processing additives can be used in the manufacture of cement of these classes. Suitable set-modifying agents can be interground or blended during the manufacture of Class D cement. Annex B describes composite well cement classes K and L, which are the products obtained by intergrinding Portland cement clinker and one or more forms of CaSO4 with composite constituents, or by subsequent blending of separately produced Portland cement with separately processed composite constituents. Composite constituents are also specified in Annex B.

      
      

      This specification is also applicable to well cement classes G and H, which are the products obtained by grinding clinker with no additives other than one or more forms of CaSO4, water, or chemical additives as required for chromium (VI) reduction.

      
      

   2. Application of the API Monogram

      
      

      When product is manufactured at a facility licensed by API and is intended to be supplied bearing the API Monogram, the requirements of Annex A shall apply.

      
      

   3. Use of Metric SI and US Customary Units

      
      

      This document contains metric SI and US customary oilfield units. For the purposes of this document, the conversion between the systems is not exact and has been intentionally rounded to allow for ease of use in calibration and measurement.

      
      

2. Normative References

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies (including any addenda/errata). However, not all documents listed may apply to your specific needs. The body of the standard should be referred to for how these documents are specifically applied.

API Specification 13A, Specification for Drilling Fluid Materials

ASTM1 C109/C109M, Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube Specimens)

ASTM C114, Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement

ASTM C115, Standard Test Method for Fineness of Portland Cement by the Turbidimeter

1 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohoken, PA 19428-2959, www.astm.org.